International Marketing Chapter 11

________ is known as China's Silicon Valley.

Zhongguancun

Since its turnover to the People's Republic of China, Hong Kong

negotiates bilateral agreements and makes major economic decisions on its own.

What is true of Tianjin in China?

It is China's fastest growing industrial city.

What country is at present the center of trade links with north China and the Asian republics of the former Soviet Union?

South Korea

What is the term used to refer to both the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC) or Taiwan?

Greater China

Which province of China shares the closest economic ties with Russia?

Heilongjiang

What is common among the Asian countries Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan?

They were among the first countries in Asia to move from a status of developing countries to newly industrialized countries.

Political explanations of Japan's crisis during the 1990s identified two causes. One of them was the country's long entrenched Liberal Democratic political party. What is the other one?

the hidebound Japanese bureaucracy

Which nation is one of the Four Asian Tigers?

South Korea

Aside from the United States, ________ is the most important single national market.

People's Republic of China

What is a cultural hurdle in the path of China becoming a vast market in the long run?

xenophobia

Shanghai negotiators are famous for their

shrewdness.

________, a boomtown bordering Hong Kong and a fishing village just 20 years ago, has replaced the provincial capital Guangzhou to lead the local economy.

Shenzhen

Two major events that occurred in 2000 had a profound effect on China's economy. One of these is the United States granting normal trade relations (NTR) to China on a permanent basis (PNTR). What is the other one?

admission to the World Trade Organization

The most rapidly growing economies in the Asia Pacific region during the 1980s and 1990s, Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan, are sometimes referred to as the

Four Dragons.

The negotiators in the Pearl River Delta are reputed to be

relatively honest and forthright.

What is true of the standard of living of the eight most populous countries of the Asia/Pacific region?

The Japanese healthcare system produces the longest lifespans in the world.

What is true of APEC?

It promotes economic cooperation.

What trait is most closely associated with negotiators from the Beijing area?

lack of creativity

The __________ region of China is considered, by other Chinese, to be the most conservative both in terms of behavior and language.

Taiwan

The primary multinational trade group in Asia is

ASEAN.

Which province of China shares the closest economic ties with South Korea?

Jilin

________ is China's third largest industrial city after Shanghai and Beijing, and the fastest growing one.

Tianjin

What theory explains Japan's recovery from WWII as a result of the nation adopting a consensus goal for national recovery?

the Cultural Causation theory

What tenet does China follow to ensure that Hong Kong's exuberant capitalism is retained despite the communist leanings of mainland China?

one country, two systems

Grameen Bank is a private commercial enterprise in ________ that developed a program to supply phones to 300 villages.

Bangladesh

C. K. Prahalad and associates introduced the concept of a global market, not necessarily defined by national borders but rather by the pockets of poverty across countries and consisting of 4 billion people across the globe with annual incomes of less than $1,200. They refer to these regions, concentrated in the LDCs and LLDCs, as ________ markets.

bottom-of-the-pyramid

What is the primary reason behind the inaccessibility of most of the 1.3 billion potential consumers in China?

The distribution network is poor or absent.

The three contiguous provinces in Northeast China—________, Jilin, and Heilongjiang— have long represented a cohesive unit in terms of culture and the political economy.

Liaoning

ASEAN+3 is a forum for ASEAN ministers plus ministers from China, Japan, and

South Korea.

What stereotype of businesspeople in the Northeast of China persists, especially by their southern neighbors?

forthright

________ is a unique forum that has evolved into the primary regional vehicle for promoting trade liberalization and economic cooperation, and includes all the major economies around the Pacific Rim, from Russia to Chile to Australia.

APEC

Liaoning province of Northeast China has the closest economic ties with

Japan.

The most important advantage of Northeast China that mainly contributed toward its being the industrial and technological center of the country in the 1970s and 1980s is

its juxtaposition with China's most important industrial neighbors.

Which region is considered the information technology (IT) corridor in north China?

Beijing-Tianjin

During the Asian financial crisis, the leading financial powers seemingly either declined to take part in the rescue operations, as the United States did in Thailand, or proposed unattainable solutions. The result was the creation of

ASEAN+3.

Which Asian country was the first to move from a status of developing country to a newly industrialized country?

Japan

C. K. Prahalad and his associates introduced a new concept into the discussion of developing countries and markets—bottom-of-the-pyramid markets (BOPMs)—consisting of the 4 billion people across the globe with annual incomes of less than

$1,200.

One of the reasons there is no one-growth strategy for China is

each region in China is at a different stage economically.

Negotiators from the ________ region in China have been the closest to foreign influences, and are excellent traders and particularly interested in making short-term gains.

Pearl River Delta

What was Japan's greatest hindrance to the development of software innovations appropriate for world markets?

complex language

According to C. K. Prahalad, what misconception leads international markets to ignore the bottom-of-the-pyramid markets?

Products developed for more affluent consumers are not appropriate for BOPMs.

The two most important steps China must take to ensure smooth economic growth are to

improve human rights and reform the legal system.

IBM entered into a venture with the Chinese Railways Ministry that allowed IBM to set up a national network of IBM service centers in railway stations so that IBM could ship computer parts via the railroad around the country within 24 hours. This venture was dubbed the

Blue Express.

The national language of China is standard ________, but more than 56 dialects and other languages are spoken across the country.

Mandarin

_______ is now Japan's most important trading partner.

China

________ contains Hong Kong, Macau, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen and is considered the world's manufacturing base for the IT industry.

The Pearl River Delta

C. K. Prahalad has cited two primary misconceptions behind the international marketers ignoring the bottom-of-the-pyramid markets. One of the reasons is that the products and services developed for more affluent consumers are not appropriate for these markets. Which of the following is the other misconception?

Consumers in the bottom-of-the-pyramid markets lack both money and technology.

Half of Shanghai's GDP is derived from

financial services industries.

In the 1970s, Frank Gibney called Japan "The Fragile Superpower," which was confirmed with the economic crisis of the 1990s. In his new appraisal, Gibney writes that Japan has become the victim of

one-party sickness.

What is most likely to cause the biggest problems for television and radio advertisers in China?

lack of common language

China's astonishing growth rate has begun to slow recently; however, most analysts see fast growth continuing for China. All of this growth is primarily dependent, in part, on China's

ability to deregulate industry.

What city has an advantage of bordering Hong Kong, using it as a trade platform to expand the global market?

Shenzhen

A survey of U.S. manufacturers shows that 95 percent of respondents with Indian operations plan on expanding, and none say they are leaving, in spite of widespread corruption in the country. What is primarily behind this new trend?

India offers cheap qualified labor and a massive market.