true false apush unit 1 study

Were pre-Columbian Native American political systems north of Mexico less elaborate than those to the south?

True

Did Iroquois women tend to control settlement social and economic organization?

True

True or False: Pre-European native population in what is now the US is estimated at 50 million.

False

Did European diseases virtually exterminate many native tribes?

True

True or False: Leif Eriksson's 11th-century discoveries were common knowledge in 15th-century Europe.

False

Primary focus of late 15th-century Portuguese exploration

Finding a route to the Orient by sailing around Africa.

Did Christopher Columbus spend his early seafaring years serving the Portuguese?

True

True or False: On his first voyage, Columbus realized he had not encountered China.

False

True or False: By 1550, Spaniards explored North America's west coast as far north as Oregon.

True

True or False: Early Spanish settlers found gold and silver but failed at establishing plantations.

False

How much gold and silver did Spanish mines yield relative to the rest of the world?

Ten times as much as the rest of the world combined.

Did Pueblo Indians continue native religious rituals after converting to Christianity?

True

True or False: By the 17th century, the Spanish gave up efforts to assimilate Native Americans.

False

True or False: European life was largely unchanged by biological and cultural exchanges with the New World.

False

Did 16th-century Europeans have greater immunity to smallpox than Native Americans?

True

True or False: Male Spanish immigrants had very little sexual contact with Indian women.

False

How did Spanish colonists treat Indian laborers?

Enslaved them or forced them into fixed periods of labor.

True or False: Cattle, sheep, and sugar were New World products introduced to Europe.

False

In contrast to European tradition, African families tended to be:

Matrilineal

True or False: The internal African slave trade began only after European demand arose.

False

True or False: 16th-century England experienced a decline in food supply and population.

False

True or False: Mercantilists promoted colonization to acquire inexhaustible wealth.

False

What impact did John Calvin's preaching have on his followers?

Led them to lead both anxious and productive lives.

True or False: Puritans were the first English colonizers.

False

True or False: The Roanoke disaster virtually killed the English colonizing impulse for a long time.

False

Significant Indian trading center near present-day St. Louis

Cahokia

First country to sponsor exploration by sea to the Orient

Portugal

First known European to gaze westward across the Pacific

Vasco de Balboa

Western nation/region outside the Spanish Empire's claims in the Americas

Brazil

First permanent European settlement in what is now the United States

St. Augustine

Spanish licenses granting labor and tribute from native populations

Encomiendas

Island where Columbus established a short-lived settlement on his first voyage

Hispaniola

Spanish term for peoples of mixed race

Mestizos

Genoese native who sailed for England near the end of the 15th century

John Cabot

Economic theorists who believed the world's wealth was finite

Mercantilists

Religious doctrine introduced by John Calvin

Predestination

The most radical Puritans

Separatists

Royal dynasty of Queen Elizabeth I

Tudors

Location of England's first experience with colonization

Ireland

Cryptic inscription carved on a post at the Roanoke colony

Croatoan

First permanent English settlement in the New World

Jamestown

Spanish king who sent a fleet to invade England in the late 16th century

Philip II

English colonization pioneer lost at sea while serving Queen Elizabeth I

Humphrey Gilbert