APLAC Vocab

Aphorism

A terse statement of known authorship that expresses a general truth or a moral principle; it can be a memorable summation of the author's point

Argument by Analogy

the writer supports or proves an unknown by comparing it to something known

Argument by Authority

Argument by invoking the words of an expert/authority; dependent on the credibility

Argument by Causation

This type of argument is based on the assumption that even A leads directly to result B

Argument by Emotion

When a speaker or writer appeals to the heart rather than the mind

Argument by Logic

demonstrates validity of an assertion with the use of premises or body of evidence

Assertion

An unproven statement

Compound-Complex Sentence

A sentence with two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses

Conceit

Fanciful expression in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between dissimilar objects

Deductive Reasoning

Begins with a general principle and concludes with a specific instance that demonstrates general principle

Euphemism

"Good Speech"; more agreeable or less offensive substitute for an unpleasant word or concept

Metacognition

Knowledge about your own thinking

Subjunctive Mood

Used to express conditions contrary to fact

Pedantic

Adjective that describes something that is scholarly, academic, or bookish

Periodic Sentence

Presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end

Loose Sentence

A type of sentence that presents its central meaning at the beginning and then adds additional information.