LC CHEMISTRY- INSTRUMENTATION

REBECCA'S LC CHEMISTRY- INSTRUMENTATION QUIZLET

mass spectrometry principle

charged particles in a magnetic field are separated by mass

mass spectrometry stages/fundamental process

1. vaporisation

2. ionisation

3. acceleration

4. separation

5. in a magnetic field

6. detection

chromatography principle

mobile phase moves a mixture through a stationary phase

paper chromatography

separates dyes

• mobile: water

• stationary: paper

thin-layer chromatography

separates dyes;

• mobile: methanol

• stationary: silica gel

gas chromatography

uses inert gas and a solid stationary phase to separate components

gas chromatography uses

alcohol tests

oragnic analysis

high performance liquid chromatography principle

liquid solvent under pressure separates tightly packed column components

high performance liquid chromatography uses

detects vitamins, caffeine in food and drinks

infrared spectroscopy (ir)

identifies organic compounds by bond-specific ir absorption

infrared spectroscopy uses

• identifying plastics and drugs

• backing breathalyser tests

ultraviolet spectroscopy (uv)

quantifies compound concentrations by uv light absorption

ultraviolet uses

measures drug concentrations and plant pigments

name an instrumental technique that could be used to detect and measure the concentration of heavy metal ion in water sample

atomic absorption spectroscopy

what's the underlying principle of the ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy UV

promotion of electrons to high energy states absorbance is directly proportional to concentration

define the first 2 fundamental processes of mass spectrometry in the order in which they occur

1. vapourisation

2. ionisation

name the technique suitable for the extraction of clove oil from cloves

steam distillation

what's the principle of the separation of the components in mixture using any types of chromatography

different attractions in differentially dissolved between stationary and mobile phases

why is infrared spectrometry described as a fingerprinting technique

spectrum unique to a compound

application of mass spectrometry

drug detection heavy metals in water

name the series of coloured lines in the line emission of hydrogen corresponding to transitions of electrons from higher energy levels to the second n=2 energy level

balmer

principle of infrared spectrometry

molecules absorb infrared radiation of different affinities

describe with the aid of clearly labeled diagram how you would set up and carry out an experiment to separate the components in a mixture of indicators using paper chromatography

apply mixture using dropper spotting on paper above eluent place in tank with eluent elute state or show separation of components of mixture

describe with the aid of clearly labeled diagram how you would set up and carry out an experiment to separate the components in a mixture of indicators using thin-layer chromatography

apply mixture using dropper spotting on paper above eluent place in tank with eluent elute state or show separation of components of mixture

describe with the aid of clearly labeled diagram how you would set up and carry out an experiment to separate the components in a mixture of indicators colomn chromatography

dissolve mixture in eluent add to column add mixture to clumn add eluent continue to add eluent so that it flows through column separaction occurs bands shown collect components show separation into bands

what use is made of thin-layer chromatography in forensic science

separation of dyes taken from fibres

explain why the different components of the mixture travel different distances along the paper of along the thin-layer or through the colomn in a given time

molecules absorb infrared radiation of different affinities

application of mass spectrometry

separating isotopes

application of gas chromatography

organic analysis

main principle of mass spectrometry

charged particle moving in a magnetic field experiences a force is deflected according to their mass

main principle of gas chromatography

mobile phase stationary phase separation of the mixture based on different interactions with the phase

hplc stand for

high performance liquid chromatography