Plate Tectonics and Continental Drift: Key Evidence and Concepts

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10 Terms

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Continental drift

Alfred Wegener; he had evidence but no mechanism for how continents moved.

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Evidence used by Wegener for continental drift

Fit of continents, matching fossils, similar rocks/mountains, glacial evidence.

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Evidence supporting plate tectonics

Magnetic stripes on the seafloor.

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Lithosphere

Rigid plates (crust + uppermost mantle) that move on the asthenosphere.

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Asthenosphere

A weak, plastic layer in the upper mantle that the plates move on.

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Oceanic crust

Thin, dense, basalt.

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Continental crust

Thick, less dense, granite.

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Divergent boundary

Forms mid-ocean ridges.

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Convergent boundary

Forms subduction zones with trenches and volcanoes (oceanic-continental or oceanic-oceanic).

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Transform boundary

The San Andreas Fault (plates slide past).