protein structure

There are multiple places for __________ bonds to form in a protein.

non covalent

primary structure is ______ bond and ___ bond

peptide and covalent

proline can’t form _____

alpha helix

bulky or too cracked side chain can’t form

alpha helix

Side chain interactions are important in the __________ and __________ structure of proteins.

tertiary, quaternary

Electrostatic interactions can occur between side chains, such as __________ bonds and __________ bonds.

ionic, hydrogen

Hydrophobic amino acids can interact to form a __________ core inside of a protein.

hydrophobic

The carbonyl oxygen from a polypeptide bond can form __________ bonds with the hydrogen from the amide group.

hydrogen

Proteins in the cytosol are characterized by a predominance of __________ amino acids on their exterior.

hydrophilic

In a protein membrane, __________ amino acids will interact with lipids.

hydrophobic

A protein with two or more subunits has __________ structure.

quaternary

The primary structure of a protein is formed by __________ bonds.

peptide

Alpha helices and beta sheets are examples of __________ structures in proteins.

secondary

Hydrogen bonds in a helix form between the carbonyl oxygen and the nitrogen of the __________ group.

amide

In a parallel beta sheet, all peptide strands run in the __________ direction.

same

An example of a protein needing proteolytic cleavage to be functional is __________.

proinsulin(pro-protein)

The tertiary structure of a protein is dominated by __________ interactions among side chains.

non covalent

The covalent bond formed between two cysteine residues is called a __________ bond.

disulfide

Quantinary structure is characterized by the presence of more than __________ subunit(s).

one

The functional group crucial for oxygen transport in hemoglobin is called a __________ group.

prosthetic

Proteins are formed from chains of __________ linked by peptide bonds.

amino acids

During protein synthesis, the amino terminus of polypeptides emerges first from the __________.

ribosome

The process by which proteins fold into their functional shape is influenced by chaperone proteins, which help mask certain __________.

amino acids

Non-covalent interactions contribute to the stability of protein structures, analogous to __________.

molecular Velcro

In aqueous environments, soluble proteins exhibit __________ amino acids on their outer surfaces.

polar or charged

beta sheets are formed by ______ betweeen peptide backbones

hydrogen bond

parallel beta sheets

N-C all in same direction

anti-parallel

N-C in opposite directions