The Muscular System

Flashcards related to the key concepts and terminology of the muscular system as discussed in the lecture.

Excitability

The ability of muscle tissue to receive and respond to stimulation.

Contractility

The ability of muscle tissue to shorten and thicken in response to stimuli.

Extensibility

The ability of muscle tissue to lengthen.

Elasticity

The ability of muscle tissue to return to its resting state after contracting or lengthening.

Skeletal Muscle

Type of muscle tissue attached to bones that enables movement; it is under voluntary control.

Smooth Muscle

Type of muscle tissue found in the walls of hollow organs; it is involuntary.

Cardiac Muscle

Type of muscle tissue that makes up the heart; it is involuntary and self-exciting.

Origin

The attachment site of a muscle on the less movable bone.

Insertion

The attachment site of a muscle on the more movable bone.

Peristalsis

Rhythmic contraction of smooth muscle that moves substances through tubes in the body.

Acetylcholine

A neurotransmitter that causes skeletal muscle contraction.

Strain

Injury due to overstretched muscles or tendons.

Sprain

Injury resulting in tears to tendons, ligaments, or cartilage at joints.

Muscle Fatigue

Condition where a muscle loses its ability to contract due to overuse.

Muscular Dystrophy

An inherited disorder characterized by muscle weakness and tissue loss.

Myasthenia Gravis

An autoimmune condition where patients experience muscle weakness.

Rhabdomyolysis

A condition in which kidneys become damaged after serious muscle injuries.

Tendonitis

Painful inflammation of a tendon and its attachment to a bone.

Trichinosis

An infection caused by parasites that affects muscle tissue.

Functions of Muscle

Movement, Stability, Control of body

openings and passages, and Heat production

Stability

Hold bones tightly together & stabilizes joints

Control of Body Openings and Passages

Sphincters = Valve-like structures formed by muscles, controls movement of substances in and out of

passages

Heat Production

Heat is released with muscle contraction to maintain a norm body temp

ATP

A type of chemical energy thats needed for sustained or repeated muscle contractions

3 ways to make/store ATP

Creatine Phosphate, Aerobic Respiration, and Lactic Acid Production

Creatine phosphate

Rapid production of energy

Aerobic respiration

Uses body’s store of glucose

Lactic acid production

Small amounts of ATP