Cloning plants and tissue culture

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4 Terms

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How does micropropagation work

  1. Find a plant with desirable characteristics that you want to clone.

  2. Take very small pieces of plant tissue (called explants) from the tips of stems.

  3. Sterilise the explants to remove any microorganisms.

  4. Place the explants in a nutrient medium (agar) and let them grow into small masses of cells called calluses. The nutrient medium should also contain growth hormones. 

  5. Transfer the calluses to soil where they can grow into plantlets (basically baby plants).

  6. The plantlets can then be transferred to their own pots to develop into genetically identical adult plants.

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What is an explant

A small piece of plant that can develop into a clone

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Benefits of cloning via cuttings

It is quicker than micropropagation

It is cheaper

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Give two nutrients that should be added to the agar medium. Explain how each nutrient helps plant growth

Glucose for energy and respiration

magnesium for chlorophyll and chloroplast