Agriculture & The Environment

This flashcard set covers key concepts related to agriculture and its interaction with the environment, focusing on definitions, types of farming, impacts, and sustainable practices.

What is the definition of agriculture?

Agriculture is defined as the art and science of cultivating the soil, growing crops, and rearing livestock.

What are the three types of farming systems in the Caribbean?

Peasant farming, subsistence farming, and commercial farming.

What type of farming involves the use of only basic tools and small parcels of land?

Peasant farming.

What characterizes commercial farming?

Farming that focuses on producing agricultural products on a large scale, often involving mono cropping and use of technology.

What is the main goal of subsistence farming?

To grow food primarily for the farmer and their family, with surplus sold at market.

What factors contribute to agricultural evolution in the Caribbean?

History, climate, land & geology, and labour.

What is animal husbandry?

The science or branch of agriculture concerned with the production, care, and breeding of farm animals.

What does food security mean?

Having both physical and economic access to sufficient safe and nutritious food at all times.

What are the five A's of food security?

Availability, Accessibility, Adequacy, Acceptability, & Agency.

What is mariculture?

The cultivation, management, and harvesting of marine organisms in their natural environment or in enclosures.

What is organic farming?

The production of crops and animals without synthetic chemical fertilizers or pesticides, focusing on sustainable practices.

What are the advantages of hydroponics?

Crops grow faster, maximized space, higher yields, no soil contamination, and water conservation.

What are the implications of genetic engineering in agriculture?

It can increase yields and enhance food quality, but may harm biodiversity and raise ethical concerns.

What is the Green Revolution?

A period of increased agricultural productivity due to advances in agrochemicals, mechanization, and genetic engineering.

What is the main aim of sustainable agriculture?

To meet the needs of present and future generations while ensuring environmental health and social equity.

What are the main threats to sustainable agriculture in the Caribbean?

Natural disasters, climate change, and external shocks such as global market fluctuations.

What is the significance of post-harvest management?

To reduce food loss and spoilage after harvesting and ensure food safety.

What is soil erosion and why is it a concern in agriculture?

The removal of the top layer of soil, leading to reduced fertility and agricultural productivity.

What are some techniques for pest control in sustainable agriculture?

Biological control, genetic pest management, and integrated pest management (IPM).