Medical Terminology and Anatomical Concepts

Vocabulary flashcards covering medical combining forms, prefixes, suffixes, directional terms, body cavities, and skin conditions directly grounded in the lecture transcript.

neprh/o

Kidney

hepat/o

Liver

chloecyst/o

Gallbladder

enter/o

Intestines

pneum/o

Lung

vesico

Bladder

aur/o

Ear

cost/o

Rib

ocul/o

Eye

Incision

A surgical cut made into the body

Excision

Surgical removal (e.g., removing the appendix)

Cranial Cavity

Body cavity containing the brain and pituitary gland

Thoracic Cavity

Body cavity containing the heart, lungs, esophasgus, trachea, bronchial tubes, thymus, and aorta

Abdominal Cavity

Body cavity containing the stomach, small and large intestines, spleen, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder

Pelvic Cavity

Body cavity containing portion of large and small intestin, rectum, urinary, bladder, urethra, urerts, uterus, vagina

Spinal Cavity

Body cavity containing nerves, spinal cord

Cervical region

Neck area, 1-7 vertebrae

Thoracic region (spine)

Chest area, 1-12 vertabrae

Lumbar region

Waist area 1-5 vertabrae

Sacral region

5 small bones fused into one bone

Coccygeal region

4 bones fused together

Anterior (Ventral)

Front

Posterior (Dorsal)

Back

Deep

Away from surface

Superficial

On the surface

Proximal

Near to the point of attachment to truck or near the beginning of a structure

Distal

Far from the point of attachment to truck or far from the beginning of a structure

Inferior

Below another structure

Superior

Above another structure

Medial

The middle, toward the midline of the body

Lateral

The side

Supine

Lying on the back

Prone

Lying on the stomach

Erythr/o/cytes

Cell that is red

Leuk/o/cytes

Cell that is white

Lymphocytes

Lymph cells

Monocytes

Cell with 1 large nucleus

electr/o/encephal/o/-graph

Recording brain activity

Nephr/o/log/-ist

Specialist in the study of the kidney

aden/-oid

Gland

necr/o/-tic

Pertaining to death

multí-/-para

Bring forth many

poly-/-uria

Increased urination

ab-/duct/-ion

Away from boidy

ad-/duct/-ion

Towards body

trans-/derm/-al

Pertaining to across the skin

peri-/cardi/-um

Pertaining to around the heart

hyper-/-tension

High pressure

hypo-/-tension

Low pressure

brady-/card/-ia

Pertaining to slow heart

tachy-/card/-ia

Pertaining to fast heart

macro-/caphal/-ic

Large head

micro-/-scope

Small instrument for visual exam

neo-/nat/-al

Pertaining to before birth

dys-/-pnea

Painful breathing

pre-/cancer/-ous

Before cancer

post-/-partum

After birth

ec-/top/-ic

Pertaining to out of place

endo-/cardi/-um

Structure within the heart

sub-/lingu/-al

Pertaining to below the tpngue

para-/thyr/-oid

Beside thryoid

inter-/cost/-al

Inside the rib

anti-/bi/o/-tic

Against life

de-/hydr/-ation

Less process of water

dia-/-rrhea

Complete flow

eu-/phor-/ia

Good feeling

per-/cutane/-ous

Through good skin

pseudo-/-cyesis

False pregnancy

supra-/thorac/-ic

Above thoracic

syn-/dactyl/-y

Fingers together condtion

diaphor/-esis

Action of sweat

an-/hidr/-osis

No action of sweat

dermat/o/myc/-osis

Fungus on the skin

onych/o/myc/-osis

Fungus on the nail

trich/o/myc/-osis

Fungus in the hair

xer/o/-derma

Dry skin

sub-/ungu/-al

Pertaining to under the nail

adip/-ose

Full of fat

albin/-ism

Process of white

kerat/-osis

Keratin condtinon

xanth/-oma

Yellow tumor

melan/-oma

Black tumor

seb/o/-rrhea

Flow of sebum

Impetigo

Bacterial inflammatory skin disease with vesicles, pustules, and crusted over lesions

Scabies

Parasitic infection accompanied by severe itching

Tinea

Fungal infection, named by location

Tinea corpus

Fungal infection of the body

Tinea pedis

Fungal infection of the feet

Tinea barbae

Fungal infection under the beard

Tinea capitis

Fungal infection on the scalp

Wart

Growth caused by virus

Verruca

Medical name for a wart

Squamous cell carcinoma

Malignant tumor of squamous epithelial cells of epidermis

Cyst

Thick walled, closed sac or pouch containing fluid or semi-solid material

Fissure

Groove or crack-like sore

Macule

Discolored flat lesion often red

Papule

Small solid elevation of the skin

Pustule

Small elevation in the skin containing pus

Ulcer

Open sore on the skin or mucous membrane

Decubitus ulcer

Bedsore from staying in one position