ANFS345 Fall 2025
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10 Terms
Physiology
Study of functions and mechanisms in a living system
Organ systems
Nervous system
Skeletal system
Muscular system
Endocrine system
Respiratory system
Cardiovascular system
Immune (Including lymphatic) system
Digestive system
Renal (urinary) system
Reproductive system
Acute changes
Short-term changes in physiology of individual animals, instantaneous after environments have changed. Can be reversed
Chronic changes
Long-term changes in physiology of individual animals; changes take place after days/weeks/months in new environment. Reversible
Other terms for chronic changes
Acclimation, Acclimatization, Phenotypic plasticity, Phenotypic flexibility
Evolutionary changes
Changes that occur by alteration of gene frequencies over multiple generations of populations in new environments
Developmental changes
Changes in physiology of individual animals that occur in a programmed way as animals mature from conception to adulthood and then to senescence.
Changes controlled by periodic biological clocks
Changes that occur in repeating patterns (ex. every day) under control of internal biological clocks