Movements and muscles

What muscles produce flexion of the cervical spine (neck)?

Sternocleidomastoids and scalenes

What muscles produce extension of the cervical spine (neck)?

Upper trapezius (bilateral)

What muscles produce left lateral flexion of the cervical spine (neck)?

Left sternocleidomastoid and left scalenes

What muscles produce right lateral flexion of the cervical spine (neck)?

Right sternocleidomastoid and right scalenes

What muscles produce left rotation of the cervical spine (neck)?

Right sternocleidomastoid and right scalenes

What muscles produce right rotation of the cervical spine (neck)?

Left sternocleidomastoid and left scalenes

What muscles produce flexion of the torso?

Rectus abdominis, external oblique, and internal oblique

What muscles produce extension of the torso?

Erector spinae and quadratus lumborum

What muscles produce left lateral flexion of the torso?

Left erector spinae, left quadratus lumborum, left internal oblique, and left external oblique

What muscles produce right lateral flexion of the torso?

Right erector spinae, right quadratus lumborum, right internal oblique, and right external oblique

What muscles produce left rotation of the torso?

Left internal oblique and right external oblique

What muscles produce right rotation of the torso?

Right internal oblique and left external oblique

What muscles produce upward rotation of the shoulder girdle?

Serratus anterior and lower trapezius

What muscles produce downward rotation of the shoulder girdle?

Rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, pectoralis minor, and levator scapulae

What muscles produce elevation of the shoulder girdle?

Upper trapezius, levator scapulae, rhomboid major, and rhomboid minor

What muscle produce depression of the shoulder girdle?

Pectoralis minor and lower trapezius

What muscles produce retraction of the shoulder girdle?

Middle trapezius, rhomboid major, and rhomboid minor

What muscles produce protraction of the shoulder girdle?

Serratus anterior and pectoralis minor

What muscles produce flexion of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint?

Pectoralis major (clavicular head), coracobrachialis, and anterior deltoid

What muscles produce extension of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint?

Pectoralis major (sternal head), latissimus dorsi, and teres major, posterior deltoid

What muscles produce medial (inward) rotation of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint?

subscapularis and teres major

What muscles produce lateral (outward) rotation of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint?

Teres minor and infraspinatus

What muscles produce abduction of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint?

deltoid and supraspinatus

What muscles produce adduction of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint?

Latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major (both heads), subscapularis, and teres major

What muscle produces horizontal abduction of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint?

posterior deltoid

What muscles produce flexion of the elbow?

Biceps brachii, brachioradialis, and brachialis

What muscle produces extension of the elbow?

Triceps brachii

What muscles produce supination of the radio-ulnar joint?

biceps brachii and supinator

What muscles produce pronation of the radio-ulnar joint?

pronator quadratus and pronator teres

What muscles produce flexion of the wrist?

Flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus, and flexor digitorum superficialis

What muscles produce extension of the wrist?

Extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, and extensor carpi ulnaris

What muscle produces extension of the fingers?

extensor digitorum

What muscles produce flexion of the fingers?

flexor digitorum superficialis, and flexor digitorum profundus

What muscle produces abduction of the thumb?

abductor pollicis longus

What muscles produce adduction of the thumb?

adductor pollicis

What muscles produce adduction of the hip?

Gracilis, adductor magnus, adductor longus, and adductor brevis

What muscles produce abduction of the hip?

Gluteus medius, tensor fascia lata, and pectineus

What muscles produce flexion of the hip?

Tensor fascia lata, rectus femoris, pectineus, and iliopsoas

What muscles produce extension of the hip?

Gluteus maximus, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris

What muscles produce lateral (outward) rotation of the hip?

Gluteus maximus, sartorius, piriformis, and lateral rotator group

What muscles produce medial (inward) rotation of the hip?

Gluteus minimus, tensor fascia lata, and pectineus

What muscles produce flexion of the knee?

semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris

What muscles produce extension of the knee?

Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, and vastus medialis

What muscles produce plantar flexion of the ankle?

Gastrocnemius and soleus

What muscles produce dorsiflexion of the ankle?

tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, and extensor hallucis longus

What muscles produce inversion of the ankle?

tibialis anterior and tibialis posterior

What muscles produce eversion of the ankle?

fibularis longus, fibularis brevis, and extensor digitorum longus

What muscle produces flexion of the big toe?

Flexor hallucis longus

What muscle produce extension of the big toe?

extensor hallucis longus

What muscle produces flexion of toes 2-5?

flexor digitorum longus

What muscle produce extension of toes 2-5?

Extensor digitorum longus

What 4 muscles of the shoulder joint are called the rotator cuff?

teres minor, subscapularis, infraspinatus, and supraspinatus

Which rotator cuff muscle is not involved in rotation of the shoulder?

supraspinatus

What muscle is the most powerful elbow/forearm flexor?

brachialis

What muscle is the most powerful elbow/forearm extensor?

triceps brachii