What muscles produce flexion of the cervical spine (neck)?
Sternocleidomastoids and scalenes
What muscles produce extension of the cervical spine (neck)?
Upper trapezius (bilateral)
What muscles produce left lateral flexion of the cervical spine (neck)?
Left sternocleidomastoid and left scalenes
What muscles produce right lateral flexion of the cervical spine (neck)?
Right sternocleidomastoid and right scalenes
What muscles produce left rotation of the cervical spine (neck)?
Right sternocleidomastoid and right scalenes
What muscles produce right rotation of the cervical spine (neck)?
Left sternocleidomastoid and left scalenes
What muscles produce flexion of the torso?
Rectus abdominis, external oblique, and internal oblique
What muscles produce extension of the torso?
Erector spinae and quadratus lumborum
What muscles produce left lateral flexion of the torso?
Left erector spinae, left quadratus lumborum, left internal oblique, and left external oblique
What muscles produce right lateral flexion of the torso?
Right erector spinae, right quadratus lumborum, right internal oblique, and right external oblique
What muscles produce left rotation of the torso?
Left internal oblique and right external oblique
What muscles produce right rotation of the torso?
Right internal oblique and left external oblique
What muscles produce upward rotation of the shoulder girdle?
Serratus anterior and lower trapezius
What muscles produce downward rotation of the shoulder girdle?
Rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, pectoralis minor, and levator scapulae
What muscles produce elevation of the shoulder girdle?
Upper trapezius, levator scapulae, rhomboid major, and rhomboid minor
What muscle produce depression of the shoulder girdle?
Pectoralis minor and lower trapezius
What muscles produce retraction of the shoulder girdle?
Middle trapezius, rhomboid major, and rhomboid minor
What muscles produce protraction of the shoulder girdle?
Serratus anterior and pectoralis minor
What muscles produce flexion of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint?
Pectoralis major (clavicular head), coracobrachialis, and anterior deltoid
What muscles produce extension of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint?
Pectoralis major (sternal head), latissimus dorsi, and teres major, posterior deltoid
What muscles produce medial (inward) rotation of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint?
subscapularis and teres major
What muscles produce lateral (outward) rotation of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint?
Teres minor and infraspinatus
What muscles produce abduction of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint?
deltoid and supraspinatus
What muscles produce adduction of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint?
Latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major (both heads), subscapularis, and teres major
What muscle produces horizontal abduction of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint?
posterior deltoid
What muscles produce flexion of the elbow?
Biceps brachii, brachioradialis, and brachialis
What muscle produces extension of the elbow?
Triceps brachii
What muscles produce supination of the radio-ulnar joint?
biceps brachii and supinator
What muscles produce pronation of the radio-ulnar joint?
pronator quadratus and pronator teres
What muscles produce flexion of the wrist?
Flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus, and flexor digitorum superficialis
What muscles produce extension of the wrist?
Extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, and extensor carpi ulnaris
What muscle produces extension of the fingers?
extensor digitorum
What muscles produce flexion of the fingers?
flexor digitorum superficialis, and flexor digitorum profundus
What muscle produces abduction of the thumb?
abductor pollicis longus
What muscles produce adduction of the thumb?
adductor pollicis
What muscles produce adduction of the hip?
Gracilis, adductor magnus, adductor longus, and adductor brevis
What muscles produce abduction of the hip?
Gluteus medius, tensor fascia lata, and pectineus
What muscles produce flexion of the hip?
Tensor fascia lata, rectus femoris, pectineus, and iliopsoas
What muscles produce extension of the hip?
Gluteus maximus, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris
What muscles produce lateral (outward) rotation of the hip?
Gluteus maximus, sartorius, piriformis, and lateral rotator group
What muscles produce medial (inward) rotation of the hip?
Gluteus minimus, tensor fascia lata, and pectineus
What muscles produce flexion of the knee?
semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris
What muscles produce extension of the knee?
Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, and vastus medialis
What muscles produce plantar flexion of the ankle?
Gastrocnemius and soleus
What muscles produce dorsiflexion of the ankle?
tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, and extensor hallucis longus
What muscles produce inversion of the ankle?
tibialis anterior and tibialis posterior
What muscles produce eversion of the ankle?
fibularis longus, fibularis brevis, and extensor digitorum longus
What muscle produces flexion of the big toe?
Flexor hallucis longus
What muscle produce extension of the big toe?
extensor hallucis longus
What muscle produces flexion of toes 2-5?
flexor digitorum longus
What muscle produce extension of toes 2-5?
Extensor digitorum longus
What 4 muscles of the shoulder joint are called the rotator cuff?
teres minor, subscapularis, infraspinatus, and supraspinatus
Which rotator cuff muscle is not involved in rotation of the shoulder?
supraspinatus
What muscle is the most powerful elbow/forearm flexor?
brachialis
What muscle is the most powerful elbow/forearm extensor?
triceps brachii