phonological processes

Syllable Structure Processes

weak syllable deletion, final consonant deletion, reduplication, cluster reduction

Weak syllable deletion

SYLLABLE STRUCTURE PROCESS

omission of the unstressed syllable; could persist until the child was 4; telephone- tefone, tomato, mato, above- buv

Final consonant deletion

SYLLABLE STRUCTURE PROCESS

reduces a syllable to a CV pattern that is open syllable; bake- ba, mouse- mou, cat - ca

Reduplication

SYLLABLE STRUCTURE PROCESS

involves the repetition of an entire syllable; daddy- dada, children - didi, pencil- pepe

Cluster reduction

SYLLABLE STRUCTURE PROCESS

results in the deletion of a consonant from a consonant cluster (adjacent consonants in the same syllable)

Substitution Processes

stopping, fronting, deaffrication, gliding, vocalization

Stopping

The substitution of a stop for a fricative

sake- tak; zoo -du; fat- pat

Fronting

The substitution of an alveolar phoneme for velar or palatal articulation

cat - tat, wash - was, mash- mat

Deaffrication

The substitution of a fricative for an affricate

chip- ship, ledge - lez

Gliding

The substitution of glides (w & j) for liquids (l & r)

red- wed, like -jike, blue- bwu, grow - gwou

Vocalization

The substitution of a vowel for post vocalic /r/ or /l/

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Assimilatory Processes

Labial assimilation, alveolar assimilation, velar assimilation, prevocalic assimilation, devoicing

Labial assimilation

ASSIMILATORY PROCESS

Occurs when a non-labial phoneme is produced with a labial place of articulation

book - bhp

mad - man

cap - pap

Alveolar assimilation

ASSIMILATORY PROCESS

Occurs when a non- alveolar phoneme is produced with an alveolar place of articulation

time- tin

shut- sut

bat - dat

Velar assimilation

ASSIMILATORY PROCESS

Occurs when a non-velar phoneme is produced with a velar place of articulation

cup- kuk

gone- gong

take- kak

Voicing assimilation

Prevocalic voicing- voicing a normally unvoiced consonant

Devoicing - devoicing of a syllable

Progressive assimilation

left to right

time - tin

book- bup

Regressive assimilation

right to left

shut- sut

bat - dat