Gonadal hormones

Exam 2

Drugs used in hypogonadism in females

• conjugated estrogens

• ethinyl estradiol

• estradiol esters

HRT drugs in females

• conjugated estrogen, estradiol, estrone, estriol

• progesterone, medroxyprogesterone acetate

Drugs for infertility 

• clomiphene

• hMG and hCG

• GnRH analogs

• progesterone

• bromocriptine

Abortifacient drugs

mifepristone with mistoprolol

Breast caner drugs

• tamoxifen

• aromatase inhibitors (anastrozole)

Anabolic protein synthesis drugs

• oxandrolone

• stanozolol

Drugs for BPH

finasteride

Drug used for prostate carcinoma and hirsutism 

flutamide 

postcocital contraceptives are also known as what

emergency contraception

postcoital contraceptives can prevent pregnancy if administered within ____ hour(s) after protected intercourse

72

_____ only preparation causes fewer side effects compared to the _____ containg preparations

progestin, estrogen

How does emergency contraception inhibit ovulation

if administered prior to LH surge 

testosterone can be converted into what

estrogen

How is testosterone converted into estrogen

through aromatases

How is testosterone converted to DHT

5 alpha-reductase

What is the principle estrogen produced by the ovaries

estradiol 

What is the principal estrogen

17- beta estradiol

These are generated primarily from androgens in peripheral tissues

• estriol

• estrone

estrone, and estriol can be generated in the ___ from _______

liver, estradiol 

Ketoconazole works through CYP450 to inhibit production of 

glucocorticoids 

activating estrogen receptors in one tissue but not the others defines what

SERMs

How does rising peaks in estradiol and progestin levels from the corpus luteum negatively regulate hormone levels

by blocking GnRH secretion

estrogen peaks during

LH surge

LH surge drives

ovulation

Where does clomiphene work

anterior pituitary

Which of the following is correct

Clinical use of estrogen has multiple side effects including…

A. decreasing bone density

B. reducing risk of blood clots

C. increases the risk of breast and uterine cancer

D. decreases risk of breast and uterine cancer

C

Estrogen stimulation effects in bone

increased calcium deposition

secretion of administration of sex steroid hormones inhibits what (basis of contraception)

GnRH secretion

gonadal hormones ______ suppress secretion

directly

Estrone sulfate + equilin sulfate =

premarin

what drives the production of estrogens and progesterone

granulosa and theca cells

what drives the production of androgen precursors

theca cells

granulosa cells drive what to get estrogen 

aromatase

Gonadal hormones can be used as contraceptive agents how?

they suppress GnRH and increase sex hormone-binding globulins

The production of estrogen and progesterone _____ SSBG

increase

estrogens _____ regulate osteoblasts and osteocytes

positively

androgens _____ regulator for osteoclasts 

negatively 

Estrogens _____ bone building whereas androgens _____ the amount of loss

activate, reduce