CHEM 223 Functional Groups
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31 Terms
hydrocarbons
only C and H (alkanes, cycloalkanes, alkenes, cycloalkene, alkyne, aromatic)
alkanes
hydrocarbon chain containing only single bonds (saturated)
cycloalkane
hydrocarbon ring containing only single bonds (ring structure is element of unsaturation)
alkene
hydrocarbon containing at least 1 double bond and at least 2 sp2 hybridized carbons, has cis-trans isomerism
cycloalkene
hydrocarbon ring containing 1 double bond (2 elements of unsaturation)
alkyne
hydrocarbon containing at least 1 triple bond and at lesat 2 sp carbons (linear molecular geometry
aromatic hydrocarbon
contains a benzene ring (C6H6)
alochol
R-OH
ether
R-O-R’
aldehyde
RCHO
ketone
RCOR’
carboxylic acid
RCOOH
acid chloride
RCOCl
Ester
RCOOR’
Amide
RCONH2
primary amine
RNH2
secondary amine
RNHR’
tertiary amine
R3N
secondary amide
RCONHR
tertiary amide
RCONR2
Nitrile
RCN
meth
1 carbon
eth
2 carbon
prop
3 carbon
but
4 carbon
pent
5 carbon
hex
6 carbon
hept
7 carbon
oct
8 carbon
non
9 carbon
dec
10 carbon