SS 6 ~ Final Exam Review Sheets

The period of time when people used picture writing is called _______________.

prehistory

The time after writing was invented is called ____________.

history

Who are scientists who study artifacts and objects from long ago?

archaeologists

Early farming developed in fertile regions near ____________.

rivers

After farming was discovered during the _______________ Age, people began to settle down.

Neolithic (New Stone)

The land known as Mesopotamia is located in the ______________ _____________.

Fertile Crescent

Who were known as the earliest professional writers?

scribes

Most early people believed that religion and myths explained nature. Their belief in many Gods is called ________________.

polytheism

Sumerians developed writing known as _______________.

cuneiform

The material used for cuneiform was _________ _________.

clay tablets

The first written set of laws in Babylonia was called _______________ _______________.

Hammurabi's Code

The Israelites were the first people to believe in one God, which is called _______________.

monotheism

The monotheistic religion founded by the Israelites is called _____________.

Judaism

Most of Egypt is made up of _________________ land, which protected them from invaders during ancient times.

desert

Early Egyptian civilizations only settled along the ____________ _____________.

Nile River

The rock filled rapids in the Nubian section of the Nile River are called ______________.

cataracts

When the Nile River splits and empties into the Mediterranean, it forms a fertile triangle called the _______________.

delta

The rulers of Ancient Egypt were called ______________.

pharaohs

The burial site for the Pharaoh was a triangular shaped building called a ______________.

pyramid

Pharaohs were buried with many belongings that they believed would come with them to the ____________.

afterlife

Ancient Egyptians had a special form of writing called ______________.

hieroglyphics

The material that the Egyptians used to write on was called ______________.

papyrus

The oldest major religion that worships many Gods as one spirit is called __________________.

Hinduism

Hindus believe that after a person dies, his/her spirit will be reborn into another living, called _________________.

reincarnation

Buddhism believes in trying to gain inner peace, called nirvana, by thinking deeply about sacred things. This thinking deeply is called ______________.

meditation

In China many generations lived together which is called the ______________ ______________.

extended family

An early Chinese philosopher who developed the "Golden Rule" was ________________.

Confucius

When a family rules for several generations it is called a _______________.

dynasty

Which Chinese Emperor was responsible for the Great Wall and Terracotta Army?

Shi Huangdi

The ancient trade route from China to the Mediterranean Sea was called the _________ __________. Products, animals, ideas, inventions, and farming tools were all traded along this route.

Silk Road

A religion that was dominantly spread along this trade route was called ______________. It began in India and spread to China and beyond.

Buddhism

The first city-state to develop democracy in Ancient Greece was ____________.

Athens

Men in Athens gathered to shop and discuss politics at a marketplace or _____________.

agora

Ancient Greeks believed in many Gods who were _________________, which means they lived forever.

immortal

The earliest athletic games that were held as a tribute to the Gods who lived on Mount Olympus were called the ________________.

Olympics

Ancient Greeks were known for using ______________ to design their buildings.

columns

The Greek city-state that valued military strength was called ______________.

Sparta

As the Roman Empire grew, citizens living in provinces elected leaders to rule for them. This is called a _______________.

republic

Ancient Roman buildings were known for their domes and ______________.

arches

The religion that was based on the life and teachings of Jesus was called ________________.

Christianity

True or False?

At first, Romans did not support Christianity, but then it became accepted in the Roman Empire.

True

Muhammad, a prophet who lived in Mecca, started a new religion called ___________.

Islam

The followers of Islam are called ____________.

Muslims

Muslims follow the ___________ ___________ that include prayer, fasting, caring for the poor, belief in God, and visiting the holy city of Mecca.

Five Pillars

A system of government in which less powerful people promise loyalty and services in exchange for protection is called _____________.

feudalism

People considered part of the land and did most of the farming were called ___________.

serfs

Noblemen who became soldiers during Medieval Times were called ___________.

knights

The institution that had power to collect taxes, make laws, and help the needy and poor during the Middle Ages was the _____________ ____________.

Catholic Church

The people who practiced a similar trade, or had the same job, were all part of an association called a ____________.

guild

The widespread disease that spread rapidly was responsible for the loss of 1/3 (one-third) of the population in Medieval Europe was called the __________ __________.

Black Death

The Holy Wars to reopen the Holy Land to Christians were called the _______________.

Crusades

The rebirth of learning and the Arts, which started in Italy, is called the _________________.

Renaissance

Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci were two famous ________________ during the Renaissance.

artists

After the Crusades, the country of _____________ grew rich from trade from established routes between Europe and the Holy Land.

Italy

Which explorer opened the first school for navigators? He was from Portugal.

Prince Henry the Navigator

Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand of ________________ also wanted to compete for power and wealth that came from trade routes.

Spain

Portugal sent the explorer, _________ _____ __________ down and around Africa to set up a trade route to India.

Vasco da Gama

Who did Spain send west to set up a trade route to India?

Christopher Columbus

Ferdinand Magellan was the first explorer to _____________ (sail around) the world.

circumnavigate

Christopher Columbus' exploration led to the conquests of the "New World" that became known as the ________________.

Americas

During the conquest of Africa, native people were captured by Europeans and sold as ______________ in the Americas.

slaves

The first time a king's power was limited by a set of laws was in Britain. This document (charter) was called the _________ __________.

Magna Carta