Dental Anatomy Final

what tooth has the longest crown (textbook)?

mandibular canine #22, #27

what tooth is the longest overall and has the longest root (textbook)?

maxillary canine #6, #11

which tooth has the widest mesiodistal crown?

mandibular first molar #19, #30

which tooth has the widest buccal-lingual crown?

maxillary first molar #3, #14

which tooth has the narrowest mesiodistal crown?

mandibular central incisor #24, #25

which tooth has the greatest cervical line curve?

mesial of maxillary incisor

where is the facial HOC on all teeth?

cervical 1/3 F

where is the lingual HOC on all anterior teeth?

cervical 1/3 L

where is the lingual HOC on posterior teeth?

in middle 1/3

how many developmental lobes are on all anterior teeth, two-cusped premolars, and four-cusped molars?

4 lobes

what are the cutoffs for anterior and posterior teeth?

canines. premolars are posterior teeth.

how many lobes for three cusped premolars and five cusped molars?

5 lobes

which incisors have a mesial-distal dimension of crown larger than the facial-lingual?

maxillary centrals and laterals

which incisors exhibit an incisal ridge distolingual twist?

maxillary central incisors and mandibular lateral incisors

do mandibular incisors or maxillary incisors have narrow MD roots with mesial and distal root depressions?

mandibular incisors

which cusp is the largest and longest on a maxillary or mandibular second molar?

mesiolingual cusp

which fossae are on a mandibular first molar?

mesial triangular, distal triangular, central

what is the cusp height order for mandibular first molar?

ML > DL > MB > DB > D

which root may be divided or bifurcated on a mandibular first molar?

mesial root

what is the cusp height order of a maxillary first molar?

ML > MB > DB > DL

which primary teeth have crowns that are wider MD than IC?

maxillary central incisor, maxillary/mandibular first molar

at what age are all the primary teeth erupted?

2.5 years old

how many teeth are present in the mouth of a 13 year old?

28- have all permanent teeth except wisdom teeth

which primary molar most resembles a permanent maxillary right first molar?

tooth A

which teeth have the distal proximal contact more incisal than the mesial?

mandibular first premolar and primary maxillary canine

which teeth have the mesial cusp ridge longer than the distal cusp ridge?

maxillary first premolar and primary maxillary canine

how can you differentiate primary teeth from secondary teeth?

primary teeth have greater facial cervical bulges, thinner and longer roots, whiter, larger pulps than secondary teeth

in all primary teeth the ____ pulp horn is ____ than in permanent teeth

mesiobuccal; higher

what is true of primate space?

when it is present, it allows the permanent first molars to push forward during eruption

maxillary primate space

between primary lateral and canine

mandibular primate space

between canine and first molar

in posterior primary molars, what is different about the roots in comparison to permanent posterior teeth?

primary teeth roots flare more at apex, are slender, have more accessory canals, and the apical foramen is larger

which primary teeth are in the patients’ mouth for the longest time?

primary maxillary canines

what teeth erupt at 6-7 years old?

permanent first molars and mandibular central incisors

what teeth erupt at 7-8 years old?

permanent mandibular lateral incisors and maxillary central incisors

what teeth erupt at 8-9 years old?

permanent maxillary lateral incisors

when do the permanent canines erupt?

maxillary canines 11-12 years old

mandibular canines 9-10 years old

when do the permanent maxillary first premolars erupt?

10-11 years old

which permanent teeth erupt between 10-12 years old and 11-12 years old?

10-12 mandibular first premolar, maxillary second premolar

11-12 mandibular second premolar, maxillary canine

when do your permanent second molars erupt?

12 years old

when approximately do your permanent third molars erupt?

18 years old

what is the curve of spee?

sagittal view, convex maxillary concave mandibular

what is the curve of wilson?

frontal view, curve plane of occlusion

what is the primary tooth eruption rule of 4’s?

at 7 months, 4 teeth have erupted (4 centrals)

with each tooth type (laterals, first molars, canines, then second molars) you + 4 to the age and number of total teeth

at what age (months) have 12 primary teeth erupted? which teeth?

15 months; centrals, laterals, first molars

at what age (months) have 16 primary teeth erupted? which teeth?

19 months; centrals, laterals, canines, first molars

which type of file outputs are intraoral and 3D extraoral scans saved as?

.stl .obj .ply

which type of file outputs are digital photography saved as?

.jpeg RAW

which type of file outputs are cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) saved as?

.dicom slices

what is nesting (digital dentistry)?

the process of organizing and orienting files before 3D printing or milling

limitations to digital waxing

limits on how big your library is, so many variations in human tooth morphology

optical coherence tomography

penetrating depth of ~3 cm, non-ionizing radiation, used to see layers of tissue and through restorative material and interface

what is concrescence, what tooth has the most occurrence of this

fusion of two teeth through two adjacent tooth roots that occurs after eruption; more common in maxillary molars

what is hypercementosis?

excess deposition of cementum after tooth has erupted; trauma, metabolic dysfunction, inflammation

the fusion of two teeth after eruption through their roots due to excessive cementum deposition/close proximity is called what?

concrescence

what is Dens in Dente?

developmental anomaly resulting from the invagination of enamel epithelium and organ; appears as deep crevice near cingulum of incisors; “tooth in tooth” on x-ray

what are dilacerations?

severe bend or angular distortion of the root; due to space or injury; often 3rd molars

what is taurodontia?

elongated pulp chambers; < 1%; only permanent teeth

what are enamel pearls, where are they usually found

small enamel projections in cased w dentin; often D of 3rd molars and B of mandibular molars

where do enamel tubercles most often occur?

cingulum of maxillary teeth

where are tuberculum intermedium most seen in

lingual of mandibular molars

what is macro and microdontia?

normal shape, abnormal size

macro - incisors and canines

micro - maxillary lateral incisors

what is a tuberculum sextum?

extra cusp on mandibular molars located on distal marginal ridge

fusion

two teeth union, no extra tooth counted bc supernumerary, two separate roots

gemination

crown splits, extra tooth counted, one root and one root canal

gemination is most commonly seen

maxillary anterior region, more frequent in primary teeth

talon cusp

small enamel projection in L of maxillary incisors, contains pulp horn, usually need to adjust for proper occlusion

difference in intraoral and lab scanning?

intraoral is more clinical and direct, scan on your own

lab is post-clinical, indirect, replicate stone models, more accurate and predictable, automatic

what are some issues w digital IO scans?

ambient lighting, glossy objects make height differences, translucent objects less accuracy

which tooth has the greatest FL root dimension?

mesial root of first mandibular molar

what is the advantage of lowering the resolution (smaller triangles) in an stl. file?

the object is smoother

what are disadvantages of lowering the resolution of an stl. file?

stl file becomes large, the 3D printing takes longer

what does narrowing and widening do? in the context of light (digital dentistry)

narrowing reflects the least light, widening reflects the most light

what can an stl. file do?

describe the surface of an object via a triangular mesh, can produce 3D objects like digital dental casts

maxillary central incisal outline

triangular

maxillary lateral incisor incisal outline

ovoid/triangular

mandibular central incisal outline

triangular

mandibular lateral incisal outline

triangular

maxillary canine incisal outline

diamond

mandibular canine incisal outline

ovoid/oblong

maxillary first premolar occlusal outline

hexagonal (octagonal)

maxillary second premolar occlusal outline

oval

maxillary first premolar occlusal table

hexagonal

maxillary second premolar occlusal table

rectangular

mandibular first premolar occlusal outline

diamond

mandibular second premolar occlusal outline for 2 cusp

oval/round

mandibular second premolar occlusal outline for 3 cusp

square

mandibular first premolar occlusal table

triangle

mandibular second premolar occlusal table

2 or 3 cusp- square

maxillary first molar occlusal outline

rhomboidal

maxillary first occlusal table

square

maxillary second molar occlusal outline for 4 cusp

parallelogram

maxillary second molar occlusal outline for 3 cusp

heart

maxillary second molar occlusal table for 4 cusp

parallelogram

maxillary second molar occlusal table for 3 cusp

triangular

mandibular first molar occlusal outline

pentagonal

mandibular first molar occlusal table

parallelogram

mandibular second molar occlusal outline

rectangular

mandibular second molar occlusal table

rectangular