Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Overview

These flashcards cover the key concepts and information about Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) based on the provided lecture notes.

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

A neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by patterns of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interfere with functioning.

Core DSM-5 criteria for ADHD

Pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity present before age 12 and across multiple settings.

Subtypes of ADHD

1. Predominantly inattentive, 2. Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive, 3. Combined presentation.

Key symptoms of inattention

Careless mistakes, forgetfulness, and disorganization.

Key symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity

Restlessness, excessive talking, and interrupting.

Prevalence of ADHD

6-7% of children globally; more common in males (2-3 times), but often underdiagnosed in females.

Developmental course of ADHD

Can persist into adulthood; approximately 65% retain symptoms.

Adult manifestations of ADHD

Symptoms include restlessness, poor organization, and impulsivity.

Functional impact of ADHD

Poor academic and social outcomes, increased risk for injuries, substance use, and antisocial behavior.

Treatments for ADHD

Stimulant medication (methylphenidate), behavioral therapy, and parent training; combined treatment is most effective.