Cross Sectional- Brain

Dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater

Meninges

The dura mater is a _____- layered membrane that is continuous with the ________

double; periosteum

Dural folds…

falx cerebri, tentorium cerebelli. falx cerebelli

Middle membrane that follows the contour of the dura mater…

Arachnoid space

Inner membrane that adheres to the contours of the brain

Pia mater

Ventricles are a pathway for

CSF

Parts of the right and left ventricle

body, frontal anterior horns, occipital posterior horns, temporal inferior horns, septum pellucidum

How do the lateral ventricles flow into the third ventricles

interventricular foramen (foramen of Monro)

Parts of the third ventricle

thalamus (lateral walls)

how does the third ventricle flow into the fourth ventricle

cerebral aqueduct of sylvius

the fourth ventricle flows into the spinal cord by what

foramen of magendie and foramen of luschka

Widened subarachnoid space

cisterns

The cisterns of the brain

Supraseller cistern, quadrigeminal cistern, cisterna magna, cerebellopontine angle

Cerebrum is divided into ____ and ____ hemispheres

left and right

What is gyri in the brain

ridges of the brain

What is the sulcus in the brain

A groove that separates one gyrus from another

Fissures of the brain

longitudinal and transverse

Gray matter…

neuron cell bodies, 3-5 mm thick

White matter…

myelinated axons pathway, includes corpus callosum

Cerebral lobes…

frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal

Collection of subcortical gray matter

Basal nuclei (Ganglia)

Involved with the mediation of visual attention

Claustrum

Relay station between thalamus and cerebral cortex and lies parallel to the lateral ventricles

caudate nucleus and lentiform nucleus

Parts of the ganglia

caudate nucleus, lentiform nucleus, claustrum

makes up portion of the walls of the third ventricle and serves as a relay station to and from the cerebral cortex for all sensory stimuli

thalamus

forms the floor of the third ventricle and helps maintain homeostasis, regulates temp, appetite and sleep

hypothalamus

Master gland

pituitary gland

What houses the pituitary gland

sella turcica

Roof of the midbrain, posterior to the third ventricle and often calcifies

pineal gland

Parts of the brainstem

midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

Smallest portion of the brainstem and most superior portion

midbrain

Large oval shaped structure that lies between the midbrain and the medulla as well as posterior to the clivus

pons

Extends from the pons to the foramen magnum and continues as the spinal cord

medulla oblongata

the cerebellum occupies the posterior _____ ______

cranial fossa

the cerebellum attaches to the _____ aspect of the brainstem

posterior

cerebral vascular system walls of the arteries of the brain are ____ and ____

thin, weak

Arterial supply of the cerebral vascular system include

internal carotid arteries and vertebral arteries

The cerebral vascular system also include the ____ sinuses

dural

Arise from the bifurcation of the common carotid arteries in the neck

internal carotid arteries

Internal carotid arteries supply what lobes of the brain

frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital sutures

The internal carotid arteries branch into the _____ artery, anterior cerebral and ____ ______ arteries

opthalamic; middle cerebral

Begin in the neck from the subclavian artery

vertebral arteries

The vertebral arteries ascend through the transverse foramen of the _____ ______

cervical spine

The vertebral arteries enter thr cranium through the ______ ________

Foramen magnum

The vertebral arteries stretch from the _____ artery anterior to the _____

basilar; pons

What do the vertebral arteries supply

cerebellum, pons, temporal, occipital lobe

the vertebral arteries branch into the posterior and anterior inferior _________ _______, superior cerebral artery and the _________ cerebral artery

cerebellar arteries ; posterior

where is the circle of willis

in the suprasellar cistern

the circle of willis contains the anterior and posterior _________ _________

cerebral arteries ; communicating arteries

the circle of willis contains the _____ ____ arteries

internal carotid

large veins located within the dura mater

dural sinuses

all blood drains into the dural sinuses and eventually into the _______ ________ vein

internal jugular

what sinuses are included into the dural sinuses

- superior and inferior sagittal sinus
- straight sinus
- transverse sinus
- confluence of sinuses