Physical Education and Health 12: Health-Related Fitness and Dance History

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering Health-Related Fitness components, energy systems, global dance history, and Philippine Folk Dance classifications and terms.

Body Composition

The relative amount of fat to fat-free mass in the human body, or the percentage of body fat and lean body tissue in an individual.

BMI Formula

Calculated as $\text{BMI} = \frac{\text{Weight (kg)}}{\text{Height (m)}^2}$ to assess body composition classification.

Cardio-Vascular Endurance

The capability of the heart, blood vessels, and lungs to supply oxygen and important nutrients to functioning muscles during activity.

Muscular Strength

The ability of a muscle or muscle group to put forth force in a single maximal contraction to conquer resistance.

Flexibility

The ability of the joints to move with ease through a wide range of motion.

ATP-CP System

Also known as the Phosphagen System or Quick System; it improves speed and power for quick movements like jumping and sprinting.

Glycolytic Energy System

Also known as the Medium System or Lactic Anaerobic Energy System; provides energy for activities of somewhat longer duration and lower intensity.

Oxidative System

Also known as the Aerobic System; a slow-burning energy system fueled mainly on fat and glucose that directly requires oxygen to function.

Dance

A form of art created by purposefully recreating selected sequences of human motion imbued with aesthetic and symbolic values.

Theatrical Dance

A form of dance performed for an audience, characterized by elaborate choreography, planning, costumes, and professional virtuoso dancers.

Participatory Social Dance

A form of dance encouraging group participation for anyone, commonly found at weddings, social gatherings, and festivals.

Lion Dance

A religious and ceremonious dance in China and neighboring countries that signifies bringing good fortune, warding off evil spirits, and showing martial arts skill.

Catherine de Medici

A lady of the arts who married King Henry II and helped popularize ballet around the year 1500 through festival performances.

Masque Dancing

A 16th-century court entertainment originating from pageants that incorporated elaborate costuming, stage design, singing, acting, and dancing.

Classical Persian Dancing

A style of dance evolved from courtroom dancing during the Qajar Dynasty (1795–1925), performed for the Shah.

Tap Dancing

A style originating from African tribe dancing in the mid-1800s that creates percussion sounds via leather shoes attached with two metal pieces.

Merengue Dancing

A Caribbean dance style that originated as music in the Dominican Republic among sugar beet field laborers, involving tango-like holds and hip movements.

Contemporary Dance

A dance style combining jazz, ballet, and modern dance, heavily reliant on technique, with Merce Cunningham credited as its first choreographer.

Francisca Reyes-Aquino

The Mother of Philippine Folk Dance and first National Artist for Dance who pioneered folk dancing research in the Philippines starting in the 1920s.

Folk Dancing

Traditional customary or recreational dances of a given country that evolved naturally and were handed down across generations.

National Dances

Traditional folk dances that have a national scope and are widely performed throughout a given country, often with regional variations.

Ethnic Dances

Dances performed by primitive tribes that retain a close kinship with religious ritual and community custom.

Ritual Dances

Ethnic dances that depict ritual ceremonies, such as Dugso from Bukidnon and Pagdidiwata from Palawan.

Life-Cycle Dances

Dances relating to stages of human life such as birthing, courtship, wedding, and funeral.

Occupational Dances

Dances that depict the work, livelihood, or everyday activities of the dancers, such as the Palay festival dance.

Game Dances

Dances derived from local folk games, such as the Pukol dance from Aklan and Capiz.

Mimetic Dances

Dances where performers mimic animals, inanimate objects, or other people, such as the duck-inspired Itik-Itik dance.

War Dances

Dances expressing feud and enmity through physical combat, such as the Maglalatik dance over latik residue.

Social Amenities Dances

Dances expressing social graces, hospitality, and gift offerings to friends, such as Minuete Yano.

Abracete

A dance term where the girl at the right side holds the right arm of her partner with her left hand while free hands hang down.

Arms in Lateral Position

A position where both arms are placed to one side (sideward right or left) at shoulder, chest, or waist level.

Arms in Reverse 'T' Position

A position with arms side horizontal, elbows bent at right angles, forearms parallel to the head, and palms facing forward or inward.

Bilao

To turn hands up and down alternately at waist level in front, keeping elbows close to the waist.

Do-Si-Do

A figure where opposite dancers advance forward, pass right sides, step across, and move backward without turning around to return to place.

Kumintang

An Ilocano dance term referring to the circular movement of the hand from the wrist in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.

Masiwak

An Ibanag dance term for turning the hand from the wrist half-way clockwise, then raising and lowering the wrist once or twice.

Salok

Swinging the arm downward-upward passing in front of the body as if scooping, while bending the trunk forward.

Sarok

Crossing one foot in front of the other, bending the body slightly forward, and crossing hands down in front with one hand over the other.

Tiklos

A Leyte folk dance and tradition referring to a group of peasants who agree to work for each other one day each week.