Merchandising Final

merchandising

the purchasing, pricing, display, and sales of goods and services

merchandise

any goods that are bought and sold (ex: caskets, urns, vaults, register books, clothing, multi-media presentations)

casket

a rigid container designed for the encasement of human remains that is available in various shapes

coffin

a case or receptacle for human remains which is anthropoidal in shape

cophinus

Latin word which translates into 'a basket'

cofin

French word that is the origin of the word "coffin"

baskets

were some of the very earliest containers and are having a modern-day comeback as an option for those planning a natural (green) burial disposition

touching the ground or dirt

The earliest Egyptian coffins were made of mats, skins, reeds, or wooden and earthenware baskets designed to simply keep the body from

friends and family

Death was a personal affair for the first colonial settlers, with the deceased cared for by immediate ___________ and _____________ without the assistance of a professional

home; private cemetery

In the colonial period, remains were washed and prepared by family members for a viewing and service in the __________ and burial in a ___________ ______________

built to order by a carpenter or tradesman of a local store

In the colonial period, who built coffins?

six

the most common coffin is _____-sided

lighter, cheaper, and smaller

because coffins conformed to the shape of the human body, containers were:

toe pinchers

In the colonial period, most coffins were usually simple in design, with no ornamentation or coverings and commonly referred to as:

1. Utility

2. Status indication

3. Preservation of the body

4. Protection

5. Aesthetic representation

It was identified that five main themes defined the proper function of the burial receptacle during this time period (1800s):

1800s

By the mid-________s, the coffin had become more than a simple utility item for the burial of human remains

coffins, North America

Today, _________ are the preferred burial container in many areas of the world, with the major exception being ________ _____________

coffins to caskets

By the early 1800s there was a growing desire to enhance the coffin to be something more than just a utility item, and this started the slow change from ___________ to ____________ in America

caskets

____________ are the burial container of choice in North America, although they have changed over the years

• Materials

• Styles

• Colors

• Shapes

• Corners

• Interiors

Caskets today have many options for consumers, including choices for the following:

utilitarian; status and beauty

Early caskets first focused on being ______________ and practical in nature.. The focus then shifted to make caskets a symbol of __________ and __________, as well as the safeguarding of human remains

rental (ceremonial) casket

casket structured so that an inner cremation container is held as an 'insert' within the casket; this can be easily slid out after the visitation or ceremony for the deceased to be cremated

green (natural/environmentally-friendly) casket

caskets made from sustainably produced materials from renewable sources, are easily biodegradable, and don't add toxins to the earth as they decompose; willow, seagrass, bamboo, and wicker caskets are common

hardwood (angiosperms)

deciduous, meaning they lose their leaves and foliage every year and are generally dormant during the winter; they include many broadleaf trees, such as maple, birch, oak, cherry, mahogany, pecan, walnut, and poplar

soft woods (gymnosperms)

coniferous (cone-bearing) trees and shrubs, often with needles. They are primarily evergreen, such as pine, spruce, and cedar

engineered wood

less expensive and often constructed in an automated manufacturing process

solid wood merchandise

more expensive because of the personal craftsmanship and labor required during construction

lamination

technique to manufacture a material in multiple layers so the composite material achieves improved strength, stability, sound insulation, appearance, or other properties from the use of differing materials

wood veneer

created by gluing thin layer of wood of superior value or excellent grain to an inferior wood

artificial laminate

created by gluing a thin layer of man-made material to an inferior wood or other material

wood veneer and artificial laminate

the two types of laminates:

plywood

thin sheets of wood glued together with grains at right angles to one another; odd number of sheets so grain on front and back runs same direction

composition board

pressed board, particle board, flakeboard; particles of wood bonded together with waterproof glue

corrugated containers

containers that have an interior corrugated sheet shaped into alternate ridges and grooves, with flat linerboards on the exterior surfaces; may be used as shipping containers and sturdy receptacles for the cremation of human remains

Fisk Metallic Coffin

metal coffin patented using a form-fitting shape that reduced the weight, a significant improvement over earlier designs

ferrous metals

metals used for casket construction that contain iron

non-ferrous metals

metals used for casket construction that do not contain any significant amount of iron; less susceptible to rusting and corrosion than the iron-based carbon steels; not magnetic; generally more expensive

metal alloy

when two or more metals are combined together

steel

also called carbon steel, common iron-based metal alloy created by adding carbon

stainless steel

common iron-based metal alloy created by adding chromium and sometimes nickel

steel casket

made by rolling and pressing sheets of steel at a relatively low temperature into the desired shape and design; steel used is low in carbon to keep it soft and pliable

U.S. Standard Gauge

established by the federal government in 1893 for the purpose of levying taxes and duties; based on a specific steel density as a measurement of weight and an average thickness

thickness

the gauge is an approximation of the metal _________________

16, 18, 20

steel metal caskets are generally available in either a ____, ____ or ___-gauge thickness

gauge

the __________ of sheet metal is the number of sheets needed to equal approximately one inch of thickness

non-ferrous

the precious metals of gold, silver, and platinum are all ________________ metals

Brown and Sharpe Gauge

used to measure and identify the thickness of copper and bronze used in manufacturing caskets

higher; thicker

the ____________ the number of ounces per square foot, the ____________ the metal

pure

copper is a naturally occurring ___________ metal

copper

non-ferrous; malleable, ductile, metallic element having a characteristic reddish-brown color and is frequently used in the construction of caskets, urns, vaults, and vault liners due to its non-corrosive qualities

wrought copper

copper processed by rolling, hammering, or forging it into specified shapes, such as sheets, bars, plates, and tubing; sheets are used as the raw material to manufacture caskets

copper deposit caskets

made from copper metal to which copper ions are combined by an electrolytic process - a very expensive procedure; they are no longer routinely manufactured or offered

bronze

copper caskets are second only to ___________ caskets in cost and value to a consumer

brass

when copper is combined with zinc

polymer

similar in appearance to plastic; a compound with a high molecular weight creating an extremely durable substance

plastic

synthetic or natural organic material softened and shaped and then hardened; commonly used in hardware and seldom used as casket shells

fiberglass

consists of fine filaments of glass embedded in various resins; caskets are lightweight, strong and can be given a variety of finishes

cremation casket

casket can be made from any combustible material—hardwood, cloth covered wood, wicker, teak, bamboo, etc. — as long as it has no metal parts

• custom cap panels

• themed corner pieces

• gasket seals

• memory drawers

casket options include such items as:

crown (swell)

the upper piece of the cap and extends the entire length of the casket

casket shell

collective term used to describe the two most fundamental portions of a casket: the upper portion (cap) and lower portion (body).

cap (lid)

top portion of the casket shell; split into two

body

the lower portion of the shell

foot; head

when the casket has a split-top cap, there are two separate caps - a _________ cap and a ________ cap

ogee (or rim)

the "S" shaped molding on the lower piece of the cap and goes all the way around the casket

ogee (or rim) flange

the turned under edge or horizontal (flat) lower portion of the ogee that comes into contact with the gasket or body ledge molding flange (top body molding flange) when the cap is closed

fishtail (or pie)

the wedge or pie-shaped portion of the cap; there is a fishtail-shaped wedge at both the head and foot end of a casket

bridge (header or cap filler)

only found on split-top caskets where there is a both a head cap and a foot cap

body panels

the sides and ends of the body

base molding

the molding that runs along the lower piece of the body panels

body ledge molding (top body molding)

the molding that runs along the upper piece of the body panels

body ledge molding flange (top body molding flange)

the turned over edge or horizontal (flat) upper portion of the body ledge molding that comes into contact with the ogee flange on the cap when the casket is closed

bottom

may be flat or have elongated indentations pressed into it to strengthen the casket body

stiffeners

indentations in the bottom of the casket

gasketed caskets

metal caskets with a rubber gasket between the cap and body components; usually offered in 16 and 18-gauge carbon steel, stainless steel, bronze, and copper products

gasket channel

function is to hold the transverse gasket that seals the space between the head and foot caps on a split-cap metal casket; an integral part of the foot cap header on gasketed caskets

foot

the gasket channel is located on the _______ cap header

stamped or cast

Hardware includes handles and ornamentation on the exterior of a casket and may be ___________ or _________

hydraulic press

stamped hardware sections are pressed out on a ______________ ___________

molten metal

cast hardware sections are made by pouring ____________ ___________ into a mold and then allowing it to cool

cast; stamped

_________ hardware is more intricate and detailed as a result of production method, but is also more expensive than _______________ hardware

moveable; stationary

Caskets are described as having a _______________ swing bar or a ________________ bar handle

stationary bars

generally seen on more economical offerings, but there are exquisite caskets that use these handles

plastic extrusion molding

economy handles are crafted by using what method?

swing bar casket handles

may have three or four evenly spaced ears, with only one arm attached to each ear; another option is to have one single ear piece going the entire length of the casket with three or four evenly spaced arms attached to it

bail handles

frequently used in the furniture industry, are another option for casket handles; these consist of a handle is which the lug, arm, and bar are a single piece that moves freely between two fixed mounting points; commonly seen on European coffin designs

cast hardware

Molten metal poured into a mold, allowed to cool, and removed from the mold; most expensive hardware production method

stamped hardware

sheets of metal pressed into hardware components on a hydraulic press; less expensive than cast hardware

plastic extrusion method

method of molding plastic where molten plastic is injected into a die

cap panel

the focal part of the interior which fills the inside of the crown, sometimes bordered by the roll (cove); may be referred to as the panel

perfection half couch

a casket in which the rim(ogee), crown, and pies are formed as one unit with a transverse cut in the cap, forming a two-piece lid for the casket

perfection full couch

a casket in which the rim(ogee), crown, and pies are formed as one unit and which opens as one piece

head panel

a component part of the casket interior which is inside the head portion of the cap; no distinction is made between the head panel and foot panel in full couch caskets

foot panel

a component part of the casket which is inside the foot portion of the cap

inner panel

functional or ornamental covering that usually covers the foot end of the casket in the full couch casket; may be located at both the head and foot of the full couch casket

the fold (gimp)

consists of a small strip of metal, plastic, or cloth attached to the inside of the panel that covers the area where the cove is anchored to the shell; not an essential component, rather designed to provide a smooth visual transition

the cove (roll of puffing)

a component part of the casket interior which lines the rim (ogee) and surrounds the cap panel

overlay

the aesthetic covering for the foot cap or inner foot panel of a casket; similar to a head cap, the overlay has played an expanded role in recent years because it offers a prime location for personalized embroidery, especially monograms

extendover

covers the top body molding for aesthetic value and visual effect

apron (option 1)

a component part of the overlay that extends downward from the cap header and into the body of the casket; the overlay rests over the foot cap of the casket while the apron drapes down over the foot cap header to conceal the decedent below the waist