Unit 1 Review: Lessons 1-6

Meiosis

Sporophytes produce spores via

Mitosis

Gameteophytes produce gametes via

Sporophyte

Ferns are _________ dominant

Gametophyte

Mosses are ___________ dominant

Gymnosperms develop seeds within thier cones which drop when they reach maturity. Angiosperms develop seeds within a protected ovary, which then becomes a fruit

What is the main distimction between gymnosperms and angiosperms?

Meristems

Plants have embryonic tissues which develop into plant structures. These embryonic growth areas are called_______________.

Protoderm

This primary meristem develops into dermal tissues

Ground meristem

This primary mersitem develops into ground tissues.

Procambium

This primary meristem develops into xylem and phloem.

Phloem

Xylem or phloem: living tissue, transports solutes via translocation.

Xylem

Xylem or phloem: dead at maturity, transports water or dissolved solutes, this makes up wood.

Apical

Apical or lateral meristem: responsible for primary growth, growth from the tips.

Lateral

Apical or lateral meristem: responsible for secondary growth, diameter/girth growth.

Transpiration

When water evaporates into the air from the leaf via the stomata

gaurd cells

These regulate the opening and closing of the stomata

Water potential

This predicts and calculates which way water moves

Enters roots and moves through xylem via water potential until it is released from the leaves via the stomata

How does water flow through the xylem?

maintain a continuous water column

Adhesion and cohesion allows for plants to…

Creates a negative pressure gradient pulling water upward

In transpiration, what does the evaporation of water from leaves create?

When turgid

When do gaurd cells open the stomata?

waxy casparian strip

Diffusion of water into roots is controlled by the _________________.

Carbohydrates

What does photosynthesis produce?

pressure flow hypothesis

Translocation in the phloem is described by the…

Source

The _________ describes where carbs and hormones are made/stored.

Sink

The _______ describes where carbs and hormones are used.

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosporus, Potassium, Iodine, Nitrogen, Sulfur, Calcium, Iron, Magnesium.

List the macronutrients

From the air

Where do plants obtain C and H?

It provides oxygen enough for cellular respiration

With rhizobium bacteria, what is leghemoglobin used for?

Mycchorizae fungi

Most all plants have a symbiotic relationship with _________________.

chemical signaling

Plants use ____________ ____________ to communicate cell-cell.

Allelopathy

This is when trees use chemical defense signaling to communicate to other leaves or other plants to inhibit growth or development to protect from infection and herbivores.

Secondary metabolites

Quinine, morphine, and Taxol are all examples of….

Auxin

This is the main growth stimulating hormone

Ethylene

This is a gaseous hormone that triggers ripening and is involved in abscision.

Abscisic Acid

This hormone controls dormancy and stomatal closure.

Phototropism

Directional bending in response to light

Thigmatropism

Plant movement in reponse to touch

Gravitropism

Plant cells elongate to bend upwards in response to gravity

Photomorphogenesis

Plants detecing shading around them through Pr to Pfr