Sociology Final

Which shows the proper rank of norms, in terms of least serious to most serious?

folkways, mores, laws

Which perspective argues that belief in the superiority of a group often results in one group seeing others as inferior?

conflict

Which of the following was the primary pattern used by the majority to deal with African Americans who came to the U.S. as slaves?

subjugation

What best describes American society in 2013?

cultural pluralism

Which of the following questions would BEST help you identitify a certain group as an American subculture?

How do the group’s traits differ from those of American society as a whole?

In terms of the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT), what is accurate?

Because minorities tend to go to lower-quality schools than whites, they are not as well prepared for the SAT.

Which of the following is NOT an example of a cultural universal?

women having primary responsibility for child care

Which of the following is NOT a common characteristic of the U.S. family today?

Inheritance is patrilineal.

Which of the following best describes the functionalist theory of social stratification?

The inequality of social classes helps assure that the most qualified people fill the most important positions.

Which of the following best describes the functionalist perspective of prejudice and discrimination?

Because the dominant group feels superior to the minority, its members’ self-concepts are strengthened.

Which of the following is consistent with conflict theory?

People with power commit deviant acts to maintain their position.

Social life is a struggle between those who possess power and those who do not.

The ruling class labels any behavior that threatens their power base as deviant.

If students have difficulty, remind them that conflict theorists view deviant behavior as the result of competition and social inequality.

Which group has the largest number of people arrested in the U.S. each year?

Whites

The 3 pronged test and gender equity is related to

Title IX.

Assimilation refers to

blending distinct groups into a single group with a common culture.

When the norms of society are unclear or are no longer applicable, the situation is called

anomie.

If students have difficulty, remind them that Émile Durkheim first proposed this to explain high suicide rates during urbanization. Confused individuals had inadequate skills but were still expected to find jobs, so they fell victim to anomie.

The phrase “survival of the fittest,” or the belief that the best aspects of society would survive over time, was coined by

Herbert Spencer.

A characteristic of a caste system is that 

social status is inherited and cannot be changed.

The juvenile justice system is made up of

provisions for more services than in the adult system.

offenders younger than age 18.

Remind students that a juvenile is generally considered to be a special kind of offender who might deserve more rehabilitation treatment than an adult.

The incidence of poverty in the U.S.

occurs in disproportionate percentages among certain groups.

Which of the following refers to the "digital divide"?

those with access to technology.

The control theorist Travis Hirschi argued that

the development of strong social bonds leads to lower rates of deviance.

Remind students that Hirschi suggests that people develop strong social bonds in four ways.

The calcualted number of people in the U.S. presently living in poverty is closest to which figure?

46 million

Norms that do not have great moral significance attached to them are called

folkways.

Karl Marx believed the proletariat's main value was

its labor.

It is so important to Kevin to appear successful to others that he begins stealing goods from the construction company where he works and reselling them to obtain money. This is an example of

innovation.

Émile Durkheim suggests what about deviance?

Deviance helps to clarify norms.

Deviance diffuses tension and promotes social change.

Deviance unifies a group.

Remind students that Émile Durkheim was a functionalist. Ask: How does the functionalist perspective view deviance?

How would interactionists explain ageism? 

Children learn negative attitudes about the elderly in the same way that they learn other prejudices.

People tend to be least likely to marry outside their

race.

“You run with dogs, you get fleas.”
Which of the following theories would most strongly agree with this statement?

differential association/cultural transmission theory

Conflict theory states

the ruling class uses religion to justify its economic and social advantages over the oppressed.

Conflict sociologists believe that the social control of schools serves to produce

unquestioning citizens.

Police in one lower-class neighborhood do not pursue robbery investigations as vigorously as the police in a nearby wealthy suburb. Which of the following is the most likely reason for this fact? 

victim discounting

Approximately what percentage of arrests involve those under 35 years of age?

80%

Which of the following is not considered a function of the family?

social displacement.

After attending night school for five years, Joan moves from a job as a factory worker to a job as a corporate executive. This is most likely an example of

vertical mobility.

According to sociologists, the Roman Catholic Church is an example of a

denomination.

A person is in jail for robbery. Two weeks after he is released, he begins burglarizing homes again and is soon back in prison. This is an example of

recidivism.

An unintended and unrecognized consequence of an element of society is referred to as what type of function?

latent

A nuclear family consists of 

one or more parents and their children.