Studied by 57 people
6th grade quizlet
Peninsula
A body of land that is surrounded on three sides by water.
Aegean Sea
An arm of the Mediterranean Sea, off the east coast
of Greece.
Colony
a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland
Monarchy
state ruled over by a single person, as a king or queen
Aristocrat
a member of a rich and powerful family
Oligarchy
form of government in which a few people have the power
Tyranny
a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)
Democracy
A government in which power is held by the people, who exercise power directly or through elected representatives.
Citizen
A person with certain rights and responsibilities in his or her country or community
Assembly
A group of citizens, in an ancient Greek democracy, with the power to pass laws.
Athens
a city-state in ancient Greece; the capital of modern-day Greece
Sparta
an ancient Greek city famous for military prowess
Council of 500
A group of 500 Athenian citizens randomly elected for one year to propose laws in Athens
Council of Elders
The 28 Spartans over the age of 60 that helped make laws
Peloponnesus
the southern peninsula of Greece, dominated by ancient Sparta.
Agora
the marketplace in ancient Greece
Persian Wars
A series of wars between Greek city-states and the Persian Empire (5th century B.C.).
Persian Empire
a vast empire of southwest Asia founded by Cyrus II after 546 B.C. and brought to the height of its power and glory by Darius I and his son Xerxes
Cavalry
soldiers on horseback
Parthenon
temple in Athens built to honor the goddess Athena
Acropolis
a large hill in ancient Greece where city residents sought shelter and safety in times of war and met to discuss community affairs
Heliot
Spartan slave
Marathon
a battle in 490 BC in which the Athenians and their allies defeated the Persians
Polis
A city-state in ancient Greece.
Solon
Early Greek leader who brought democratic reforms such as his formation of the Council of Four Hundred
Olympic games
in ancient Greece, an athletic competition held every four years in honor of Zeus
Olympia
City i n the Peloponesus where the Olympics took place
Darius
Persian king who put satraps in place and built the Royal Road
Ionian Sea
The body of water to the west of Greece.
Black Sea
a sea between Europe and Asia
Phoenicians
A maritime people who spread their alphabet to others including the Hebrews, Romans, and Greeks.
Minoans
One of the early Greek peoples from 2600 BCE to 1500 BCE. Inhabitants of the island of Crete.
Javelin
light spear thrown by hand
Zeus
King of the gods
Hera
Queen of the gods, Zeus wife
Athena
Goddess of wisdom guardian of Athens
Dionisus
God of wine
Poseidon
God of the sea and earthquakes
Aphrodite
Goddess of love and beauty
Pathernon
Temple that dominates the hill of the Acropolis at Athens. It was built in the mid-5th century bce and dedicated to the Greek goddess Athena.
Pindus Mountains
Runs through the center of the Greek mainland and is considered the backbone of Greece.
Iliad
Homer's great epic that tells the story of the Trojan War
The Odyssey
Homer's major epic means a long, adventurous journey
Artemis
goddess of the hunt and the moon
Solon
Early Greek leader who brought democratic reforms such as his formation of the Council of Four Hundred
Acropolis
A fortified hilltop in an ancient Greek city
Phoenicia
An ancient seafaring civilization located on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea
Carthage
A cityCorinth located in present-day Tunisia, founded by Phoenicians ca. 800 B.C.E. It became a major commercial center and naval power in the western Mediterranean until defeated by the expanding Roman Republic in the third century B.C.E.
Corinth
A Greek city-state ruled by an oligarchy and later, a tyranny. where there is the istmus and a canal separating Greece's mainland from the Peloponesus
Istmus
narrow stretch of land connecting two larger land areas
Note 
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