Amides and Amines

Name the compound

Propylamine or propan-1-amine

Name this compound

2- amino propane acid

Name this

Hexan-1,6- diamine / 1,6 diaminohexane

Name this compound

Cyclohexanamine

What are some properties of amines

• fishy smell

• Primary amines act as browsed Lowry base because of lp of e- on nitrogen which forms a dative covalent bond with H+ (accepts proton)

• High bp bc amines form H bonds with water

What is the reaction of amines with to form alkaline solution and write the equation with ethyl amine and name the product

• Lp on nitrogen accepts H+ to form water, amine acts as a base

• CH3CH2NH2 + H2O → CH3CH2NH3 OH (ethyl ammonium hydroxide)

What is the reaction if amines with acid, what us formed, what happens in the reaction and write an equation using butylamine

• forms a salt

• Amine acts as a base, accepts H+ from acid to form ammonium salt

• CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2 + HCl → CHCHCHCHNH3Cl

What is the reaction of amine with acyl chloride (ethanoyl chloride), what is formed, conditions, observations and equation wih ethyl amine?

• room temp

• Forms secondary amide

• CH3COCl +2 CH3CH2NH2 → CH3CONHCH2CH3 (ethyllethanamide) + CH3NH3Cl (methyl ammonium chloride)

• White solid

Draw methyl amine hydrogen bond with water

What is the reaction of amines with copper ions, what happens, what’s formed and observation and the equation of ethyl amine [Cu(H2O)6]2+

• Blue precipitate

• Amine acts as a base and accepts protons from water

• 2CH3CH2 +[Cu(H2O)6]2+ → [Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] + 2CH3CH2NH3+

What is the reaction of amines with halogenoalkanes and ammonia , what is formed and write the equation of methyl amine with chlormethane and ammonia (write both parts of the equation

• forms secondary amine

• CH3Cl + NH3 → CH3NH2 + HCl

• Part 2: CH3NH2 + CH3Cl → (CH3)2 NH ( dimethylamine)+.HCl

Why are primary aliphatic amines stronger bases than ammonia and why are primary aromatic amines weaker bases than ammonia?

• Primary aliphatic are stronger bc - alkyl pushes electrons towards nitrgen on amine so lone pair is more available to accept protons

• Primary aromatic are weaker bc - lp of electrons on nitrogen delocalise with pi electrons on benzene so lone pair is less available to accept it

What 2 ways can primary aliphatic amines be prepared and give a disadvantage of both?

• React with halogenoalkane and ammonia

  • Not effecirnt to prepare hgih yield of the amine bc further substitution reactions occur

  • Reduction of nitriles

• Reduction of nitriles

  • 2 step reaction so may have a low yield and potassium cyannide is toxic

How can primary aliphatic amines be prepared by reduction of nitriles, describe the 2 steps and

• Step 1: convert halogenoalkane → nitrile with KCN, heat under reflux

• Step 2: Reduce nitrile → amine with LiAlH4 using hydrogen, nickel catlyst

How can aromatic amines be prepared from nitroarenes? (conditions, reagant)

• Reductioon reaction

• Sn/ Fe and HCl

• Heat

How can amides be formed?

• React with acyl chlorides and ammonia which forms primary amine

• React primary amine with acyl chloride to form amide

• room temp

Name this compound

Ethanamide

Name this compound

Methyl propanamide

Name these two compounds