MT- MUSCULAR SYSTEM

inter-

between, among

para-

beside, near

peri-

surrounding, around

my/o

muscle

muscul/o

muscle

-lysis

breakdown, destruction, separation

-paresis

weakness

-trophy

development

fasci/o

fascia

myofascial

pertaining to muscle tissue and fascia

bradykinesia

abnormal condition of slow movement

epicondylitis (tennis elbow)

inflammation above the condyle

myolysis

breakdown of muscle

dyskinesia

abnormal condition of painful movement

ataxia

abnormal condition without coordination

myorrhexis

rupture of a muscle

myasthenia

weakness of muscle

polymyitis

inflammation of many muscles

dystonia

abnormal condition of bad tension/stretching

rhabdomyolysis

breakdown of skeletal muscle

fibromyalgia

pain in muscle + fibrous tissue

tenosynovitis

inflammation of the tendon and synovial membrane

muscle fascicles

bundles of muscle fibers

muscle fibers

composed of myofibrils

muscle myofibrils

composed of muscle fiber cell

muscle myofilaments

Individual myosin (thick) filaments and actin (thin) filaments that slide over one another during muscle contraction

fusiform

skeletal muscle that is thick in center and tapered on the ends

quadrate

skeletal muscle that is 4 sided

flat

skeletal muscle formed by parallel fibers

circular

sphincters that close off tubes

pennate

skeletal muscle that looks feathered in apperance

what are the 3 types of muscle?

skeletal, smooth, cardiac

-ion

action; condition

-fasci/o

fascia

fibr/o

fiber, fibrous tissue

cele-

hernia, swelling

kines/o, kinesi/o

movement

tax/o

coordination

-rrhexis

rupture

crosswise

transverse

ring-like

sphincter

slanted at an angle

oblique

straight

rectus

towards the side

lateralis

pertaining to muscle tissue and fascia

myofascial

fibrous connective tissue that connects a muscle to a bone

tendon

paralysis of both legs

paraplegia

surgical suturing of the end of a tendon to a bone

tenodesis

injury to the body of a muscle or the attatchement of a tendon

strain

drug that causes temporary paralysis by blocking transmission of nerve stimuli to the muscles

neuromuscular blocker

abnormal muscle tone that causes impairment of voluntary muscle movement

ataxia

inflamed and swollen tendons caught in narrow space b/w bones w/i the shoulder joint

impingement syndrome

rupture or tearing of a muscle

myorrhexis

degeneration of muscle tissue

myolysis

abnormally increased muscle function or activity

hyperkinesia

soft-tissue manipulation technique to ease pain of conditions

myofascial release

weakness or slight muscular paralysis

myoparesis

A stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side

torticollis

T/F: overuse tendinitis is inflammation of tendons caused by excessive or unusual use of a joint

true

T/F: Hemiplegia is the total parlysis of the lower half of the body

false

T/F: A spasm is a sudden, involuntary contraction of one or more muscles

true

T/F ataxia is the distortion of voluntary movement such as in a tic or spasm

false

atrophy

decrease of muscles due to disuse

hypotenia

diminished tone of skeletal muscles

myalgia

severe muscle pain

hemiplegia

paralysis of one side of the body

death of individual muscle fibers

myonecrosis

surgical suturing of torn fascia

fasciorrhaphy

the surgical attachment of a fascia to another fascia or to a tendon

fasciodesis

surgical removal of fascia

fasciectomy

*review movements

flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, pronation, supination, dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, circumduction, rotation

ROM

range of motion

ADL

activities of daily living

EMG

electromyography

hemi

half

OT

occupational therapy

list the 5 functions of muscle tissue

1. supports body

2. makes body parts move

3. helps maintain constant body temp

4. contraction assists movement in cardiovascular + lymphatic vessels

5. helps protect bones + internal organs + stabilizes joint

what is the difference b/w the muscle types?

skeletal- striated + symmetrical

cardiac- striated + asymmetrical

smooth- organal- non striated

what are the structures w/i skeletal muscles?

endomysium, perimysium, epimysium

what is the neurotransmitter that contracts muscles?

acetylcholine

what is the enzyme that decomposes the acetylcholine?

acetylcholinesterase

what is a motor unit?

a motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it supplies- transmits impulses and is the start of a muscle contraction

orgin vs insertion

origin = stationary end of muscle

insertion = movable end of muscle

spleni/o

spleen

-ceps

head

bi/o

divided in 2

brachi/o

arm

infra-

below

spinat/o

spine

latisum/o

broad/flat

flex/o

bend

rect/o

straight

maxim/o

largest