Lec#14: Visual Information Processing Introduction self study lecture

what is visual information processing VIP?

skills for retrieving, understanding and organizing visual info

" what does the brain do with the information the eyes see?"

what are visual spatial skills?

- bilateral integration

- laterality

- directionality

skills are important in motor planning, sequencing, and direction of letters and numbers

deficits in visual spatial skills can cause what problems?

can lead to frequent transposition and reversal errors when learning

what are visual analysis skills?

discriminating likeness and differences in shapes, size, texture, location, orientation

it involves accurately copying and recalling such information

inadequacies in visual analysis skills can lead to...

poor letter and word recognition, disorganization, poor visualization and memory and can lead to difficulties reading, spelling, math, and comprehension

what are visual motor skills?

- visual information processing skills that are important in written work

ability to integrate visual information to plan and execute a motor task

deficiencies in visual motor skills can lead to...

- difficult to write

resulting in poor spacing and ability to stay on the line

slow at doing written work

an individual with a learning disability commonly has difficulties in what areas?

- visual processing

- auditory

- language processing

- behavioral difficulties

visual perceptual skills

- form perception

- visual memory

- visual sequencing

- processing speed

spatial abilities

- awareness of position on self

- awareness of position in space

- spatial relationships of objects

- spatial relationships of symbols

motor skills

- kinesthetic awareness of macular position

- tactile discrimination

- gross and fine motor coordination

- hyperactivity

- clumsiness

auditory processing skills

- auditory discrimination

- auditory analysis

- auditory memory

speech and language skills

- speech development

- speech impediments

- verbal fluency

- ability to express, blend and synthesize sounds in a meaningful way

social and emotional behavior

- frustration level

- interpersonal relationships

- motivation level

- energy level

- self concept

attention behaviors

- concentration

- attention span

- motivation

can individuals without a learning disability have these problems?

yes but they are less frequent and less severe

which areas of learning disabilities do optometrist primarily treat?

visual perceptual

spatial and fine motor skills

a multi disciplinary team may include what professionals?

name 3

- psychologist

- reading specialist

- optometrist

- pediatrician

- neurologist

- audiologist

- speech and language specialist

- teachers

- counselors

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

brain disorder marked by an ongoing pattern or inattention and or hyperacitivity impuslitivity that interfers with functioning or development

what is one of the most commonly diagnosed mental disorder in children?

ADHD

inattention- the individual pays attention to nothing

- poor attention to detail

- difficulty sustaining attention

- difficulty finishing assignments or tasks

- poor memory

- disorganized

hyperactivity/ impulsivity- the individual pays attention to everything

- constantly on the go even when not appropriate

- restlessness

- social difficulties

- aggressive

- intrusive

- impatient

how many symptoms of ADD does pt need for diagnosis?

same for ADHD

children up to age 16 must have 6 or more

age 17 and above must have 5 or more symptoms

what is a screening tool for ADHD?

connors parent rating scale for pts 6-18

score of 60 or above signifies at risk

what visual conditions are common in individuals with ADHD?

- convergence insufficiency

- accommodative dysfunction

- oculomotor dysfunction

- VIP problems