soundscapes final

reading quiz chapter 6:
which of the following did not drive different waves of popularity of hawai'ian music and dance around the world?
a. the use of hawai'ian instruments on popular music recordings in the 2000s
b. the wide distribution of recordings of hawai'ian music in the wake of ww2
c. the affordability technical accessibility of the ukulele
d. the spread of hula schools and classes from the islands to mainland united states
e. the wide proliferation of language programs teaching indigenous hawai'ian languages

e. the wide proliferation of language programs teaching indigenous hawai'ian languages

reading quiz chapter 6:
what 2 goals were at the heart of yo-yo ma's founding of the silk road project?(choose 2)
a. to commission new music by musicians from cultures and regions along the historical silk road
b. to reexamine the misunderstood nature of the historical silk road through music
c. to highlight the material commodities tied to cultural spread via the historical silk road
d. to present music and musicians from cultures along the historical silk road

a. to commission new music by musicians from cultures and regions along the historical silk road
d. to present music and musicians from cultures found along the historical silk road

reading quiz chapter 6:
true/false: its easier to apply notions of ownership to musical sound than literary texts

false

reading quiz chapter 6:
music can be considered to be:
a. the common property of a family, clan, or community
b. something that an individual can own
c. something that can be protected by copyright
d. a commodity
e. all of these

e. all of these

reading quiz chapter 6:
how did tourism impact the form of gamelan gong kebyar?
a, instrument forging became a popular tourist activity, so gamelan sets proliferated
b. music and dances were lengthened to accommodate visitors' attention spans
c. music and dances were shortened to accommodate visitors' attention spans
d. the music became more sudden, intense, and discontinuous

c. music and dances were shortened to accommodate visitors' attention spans

reading quiz chapter 6:
what are the 3 levels of culture
a. subculture
b. interculture
c. superculture
d. megaculture

a. subculture
b. interculture;
c. superculture

reading quiz chapter 6:
which of the following statements about gamelan gong kebyar is true?
a. it was the most important balinese gamelan tradition in the 19th century
b. its distinguished by its relatively subdued and sustained intensity
c. its noted for its continuity in musical structure and form
d. its revolutionary musicals tyle that was created in the early 20th century
e. its replaced in 20th century bali by the javanese gamelan

d. its a revolutionary musical style that was created in the early 20th century

reading quiz chapter 6:
what does the hawai'ian word "ukulele" translate to in english
a. leaping flee
b. guessing student
c. jumping turtle
d. springing cricket

a. leaping flee

paula harper, rebecca black's friday:
according to the artist, what was rebecca black's original motivation for participating in the creation of the "friday" song and video?
a. a vanity project meant to earn fame
b. a weekend activity, something for her and her friends to do as a leisure
c. experience and proof of concept product to show future producers

c. experience and proof of concept product to show future producers

paula harper, rebecca black's friday:
what is context collapse
a. reaching a different audience with different assumptions and expectations than intended
b. the influence of a cultural tradition on a different tradition

a. reaching a different audience with different assumptions and expectations than intended

paula harper, rebecca black's friday:
on what grounds did/do critics object to the use of pitch-correction software(ex. auto-tune)
a. a subconscious alignment of the tool with flawed female vocality
b. perception of artificial industry control/influence that covered over lack of talent
c. concerns of inauthenticity
d. all of a, b, and c
e. a and c but not b
f. b and c but not a

d. all of a, b, and c

paula harper, rebecca black's friday:
what is the root of a consumer's determination that a song (or film, book, or other cultural product) is bad?
a. inherent trails within the thing that categorize it as bad
b. a consumer's assumption of or "bet" on the intended meaning of the thing consumed

b. a consumer's assumption of or "bet" on the intended meaning of the thing consumed

paula harper, rebecca black's friday:
what is the common trait of each of the covers of "friday" that the article discusses?
a. the substitution of black's female voice with male voices
b. retention of the original's pop genre sounds
c. the mode of initial distribution being the internet

a. the substitution of black's female voice with male voices

paula harper, rebecca black's friday:
what does harper mean by "vernacular creativity" in this case?
a. covers created outside of institutionalized media(ex. record labels, tv studios)
b. covers created by untrained musicians
c. covers created in languages other than the original's

a. covers created outside of institutionalized media(ex. record labels, tv studios)

paula harper, rebecca black's friday:
what type of engagement with rebecca black's "friday" song and video does this article discuss?
a. vitriolic and harshly critical posting
b. cover versions
c. reaction videos
d. discussions of the song in college courses

a. vitriolic and harshly critical posting
b. cover versions
c. reaction videos

paula harper, rebecca black's friday:
what is the term the article uses for changing the genre of a song while creating a cover version?
a. genre remixing
b. genre recuperating
c. genre receiving
d. genre resetting

d. genre resetting

reading quiz chapter 7:
which methods or tools aided in the preservation of dance?
a. dance-specific written notations
b. video recording
c. oral transmission
d. new musical styles

a. dance-specific written notations
b. video recording
c. oral transmission

reading quiz chapter 7:
match the following groups with the percussion instrument that accompanies their respective dances
hand claps for giddha dance
dhol for bhangra dance
1. men
2. women

women-hand claps for giddha dance
men-dhol for bhangra dance

reading quiz chapter 7:
which of the following is a standard step or figure in tango?
a. fan
b. promenade
c. single cortez
d. swivel
e. all of these

e. all of these

reading quiz chapter 7:
true/false: dance has been observed in all human societies

true

reading quiz chapter 7:
lyrics from tango's early eras very often convey a tone of
a. joy
b. optimism
c. hardship

c. hardship

reading quiz chapter 7:
which of these was not an influence that contributed to the development of "bhangra beat"?
a. reggae
b. rap
c. soul
d. bhangra
e. jazz

e. jazz

reading quiz chapter 7:
which type of instrument is the berimbau( nb. this question pertains to the instrument as the whole combination of its parts, not only one element)
a. chordophone
b. combination of chordophone and idiophone
c. combination of aerophone and membraphone
d. membraphone
e. idiophone
f. aerophone

b. combination of chordophone and idiophone

reading quiz chapter 7:
what is the name of the system of notation used to record dance in writing?
a. labanotation
b. sousatanotation
c. beethovenotation
d. arbanotation

a. labanotation

reading quiz chapter 7:
as heard in rei zumbi dos palameres, angola-style capoeira music may include a "chula" during which
a. chorus members join hands in solidarity
b. a leader and chorus alternate in a call-and-response pattern
c. singers form 2 choirs that take turns singing
d. chorus members take turns playing the berimbau

b. a leader and chorus alternate in a call-and-response pattern

reading quiz chapter 7:
the ensemble that commonly performs tango is called:
a. angoleiro
b. atabaque
c. orquesta tipica
d. chula

c. orquesta tipica

reading quiz chapter 7:
the name of the musical ensemble that accompanies capoeira is called:
a.reco-reco
b. atabaque
c. bateria
d. berimbau
e. agogo
f. pandeiro

c. bateria

reading quiz chapter 7:
true/false: traditional bhangra dance and music has largely shed its traditional gender roles

false

reading quiz chapter 7:
capoeira is cross between dance and
a. mime
b. theater
c. martial arts
d. literature

c. martial arts

reading quiz chapter 7:
the tango's choreography, traditional dress, postures, and music are based on the figure of the compardito, or:
a. aristotic factory owner
b. urban gaucho
c. gentleman farmer
d. gallant hero

b. urban gaucho

reading quiz chapter 7:
from which country fid tango originate?
a. paraguay
b. argentina
c. colombia
d. chile

b. argentina

reading quiz chapter 7:
in the 1950's, to where did punjabi people migrate, bringing bhangra and related music out of india and away from its harvest festival origins
a. brazil
b. british isles
c. australia
d. japan
e. united states

b. british isles

reading quiz chapter 8:
true/false:
rituals are processes

true

reading quiz chapter 8:
a practitioner of santeria is called
a. bata
b. santera/santero
d. orisha/orisho

b. santera/santero

reading quiz chapter 8:
what is the highest priority for chant(ex. plainchant, plainsong)?
a. clarity of text
b. personal expression through melody
c. exploration of musical materials

a. clarity of text

reading quiz chapter 8:
of the following, which formal characteristics are in common between religious and secular settings or events?
a. all of these
b. clearly defined roles for participants
c. special dress/clothing
d. use of music as a vehicle for expression
e. sequence of events
f. expectations of certain types of movement

a. all of these

reading quiz chapter 8:
ethiopian christian chant uses
a. written transmission
b. a combination of written and oral transmission
c. neither written nor oral transmission
d. oral transmission

b. a combination of written and oral transmission

reading quiz chapter 8:
true/false: all santeria practices are closed to people who are not full initiates of the tradition

false

reading quiz chapter 8:
match the pitch characteristics to the drum tradition
changeable tuning during performance
fixed tuning during performance
1. kebaro
2. bata

bata-changeable tuning during performance
kebaro-fixed tuning during performance

reading quiz chapter 8:
what is communitas
a. one's personal connection to a deity
b. participation in a ritualistic soundscape
c. a feeling of moving beyond the self, emerging into a broader community

c. a feeling of moving beyond the self, emerging into a broader community

reading quiz chapter 8:
for the gyuto tantric choir of buddhist monks, no matter where it is done, chant is :
prayer
aesthetic expression

prayer

reading quiz chapter 8:
who is credited as the creator if ethiopian christian chant:
ragu'el
saint yared
gabra masqal
saint bartholemew

saint yared

reading quiz chapter 8:
which of the following is not a prioritized trait in santeria singing?
beauty of voice
ability to speak with divine beings
capacity for enganing listeners
success in creating communitas
ability to sing loudly

beauty of voice

reading quiz chapter 8:
true/false: tibetian chant has only ever been conducted in private or monastatic settings

false

reading quiz chapter 8:
true/false in ethiopian christian church services today, both the ge'ez language and other local languages and other dialects are used

true

reading quiz chapter 8:
match the following based on listening examples 64-66 in the chapter:
call and response with polyrhythmic ensemble
overtone singing with percussion beats determined by non-musical models
antiphonal group singing with percussion accompaniment following the text
1. tibetan chant
2. santeria chant
3. ethiopoian christian chant

santeria chant-call and response with polyrhythmic ensemble
tibetan chant-overtone with percussion beats determined by non-musical models
ethiopian christian chant-antiphonal group singing with percussion accompaniment following the text

reading quiz chapter 8:
in bhiddist systems, beat is understood differently than how western musical traditions concieve it. in specifically the mahakala ritual, the cymbal beats are derived from
a. the form of the mandala
b. the shape of the cymbals
c. the numerology of the chant text

a. the form of the mandala

reading quiz chapter 8:
true/false: today, only men participate in the musical and choreography of of the ethiopian church service

false

reading quiz chapter 9:
powwow flag songs:
make overt political statements
encode obscure metaphorical messages that require sustained presence in the community to understand

make overt political statements

reading quiz chapter 9:
what is the name of the structure that demarcates the location where powwow activities are focused
a. circuit
b. village
c. glen
d. arbor

d. arbor

reading quiz chapter 9:
true/false powwows like the eastern shoshone indian days include a variety of activities and events, like dances, pageants, foot races, tugs of war, tipiraising events, and others

true

reading quiz chapter 9:
from where does the rastafarian preferred set of colors come?
a. no particular origin-the colors were arbitrarily chosen
b. new color symbolisms derived from local jamaican culture
c. the ethiopian flag

c. the ethiopian flag

reading quiz chapter 9:
true/false: south africa's national anthem, "nokia sikelel afrika," was composed to be the national anthem of the country

false

reading quiz chapter 9:
the musical style of "nikosi sikelel afrika" most strongly shows the influence of
a. western scales and harmonies
b. zulu biphony
c. xhosa rhythms

a. western scales and harmonies

reading quiz chapter 9:
match the following:
performances or repertoires with messages embedded in metaphor and poetically coded language
open, straightforward portrayals of power, politics, and meaning
1. public transcripts
2. hidden transcripts

hidden transcripts-performances or repertoires with messages embedded in metaphor and poetically coded language
public transcripts-open, straightforward portrayals of power, politics, and meaning

reading quiz chapter 9:
nkosi sikelel afrika is a macaronic song, meaning more than language is used for its text. which languages are used in standard version of the text
a. sesotho
b. xhosa
c. zulu
d. all of these
e. there is no standard version of the song

e. there is no standard version of the song

reading quiz chapter 9:
what are the 2 general categories of competitive dances that occur at powwows? pick 2
a. circle
b. traditional
c. fancy dress
d. patterned

b. traditional
c. fancy dress

reading quiz chapter 9:
true/false: when songs are exchanged between groups at powwow, those learning the songs are expected to learn the history, origins, and meaning of the songs before adopting them.

true

reading quiz chapter 9:
true/false: ska grew out of reggae

false

reading quiz chapter 9:
which current country had previously been called rhodesia
a. uganda
b. myanmar
c. ethiopia
d. zimbabwe

d. zimbabwe

reading quiz chapter 9;
what has been reggae's characteristic political mode
a. conservation
b. incrementalism
c. resistance
d. expansion

c. resistance

reading quiz chapter 9:
which beats are most emphasized in reggae music
a. 1 and 4
b. 2 and 4
c. 1 and 3
d. 2 and 3

b. 2 and 4

reading quiz chapter 9:
the current national anthem of south africa is a fusion of
a. we shall overcome
b. nikosi sikelel afrika
c. the call of south africa

b. nikosi siklel afrika
c. the call of south africa

reading quiz chapter 9:
powwow war songs:
a. make overt political statements
b. encode obscure metaphorical messages that require sustained presences in the community to understand

a. make overt political statements

reading quiz chapter 10:
true/false: individuals hold multiple identities that contribute to one's overall personhood

true

reading quiz chapter 10:
ethnic recordings were meant to:
a. replace outdated world music recordings
b. sell records on a mass scale to compete with swing jazz era star musicians
c. appeal to ethnic groups united by shared linguistic, racial or other backgrounds
d. provide a less controversial alternative to "race records"

c. appeal to ethnic groups united by shared linguistic, racial or other backgrounds

reading quiz chapter 10:
true/false the sound of words-termed "cajunization"-is especially important to cajun music

true

reading quiz chapter 10:
which of the following instruments is typical of zydeco but not cajun music?
a. drums
b. fiddle
c. guitar
d. accordion
d. rub board (frottoir)

d. rub board(frottoir)

reading quiz chapter 10:
true/false: identities remain static across time

false

reading quiz chapter 10:
what is the name for a consort that includes 2 violins, a viola, and a cello
a. queen consort
b. string quartet
c. the king's noyse

b. string quartet

reading quiz chapter 10:
what is the typical tone or emotion or frame of mind of japanese erika
a. pessimism
b. sorrow
c. joy
d. nostalgia

d. nostalgia

reading quiz chapter 10:
which 2 of the following contribute to the reflection of lei lang's identity in his music his:
a. training in western classical music traditions
b. interest in indigenous musics of china
c. training with ghanian talking drum experts

a. training in western classical music traditions
b. interest in indigenous musics of china

reading quiz chapter 10"
until the 20th century, which of the these was a primarily way of retaining and transmitting cajun language
a. cajun speech contests
b. cajun language films
c. cajun language classes in schools
d. cajun song

d.cajun song

reading quiz chapter 10:
true/false in its native japan, karaoke is generally approached with little concern for specific rules of decorum and etiquette

false

reading quiz chapter 10:
in japanese arts, kata is;
a. a type of theater
b. a type of music
c. the concept of patterns and structures regulating individual artistic forms
d. a set of societal etiquette practices

c. the concept of patterns and structures regulating individual artisitic forms

micromusic

ethnomusicologist mark slobin's term for small units within big music cultures.

subculture

group of people who share a common identity and related practices, whether based on ethnicity, religion, language, or generation, that are perceived as distinct from others within a given society

superculture

sphere of musical interaction that involves the power of the state and international industries, and the assumptions and expectations they generate

interculture

sphere of interaction between musical subcultures

ukulele

small, four-stringed hawaiian chordophone that became popular in the 20th century

steel guitar

electromechanical instrument derived from the guitar, usually placed flat when played, whose characteristic sounds include a pronounced vibrato, slides and palm harmonics or chimes

gamelan

large indonesian ensemble consisting mainly of metallophones

pipa

chinese plucked lute with roots in central asia

icon

physical resemblance to the signified, the thing being represented. A photograph is a good example as it certainly resembles whatever it depicts

index

shows evidence of what's being represented. A good example is using an image of smoke to indicate fire

symbol

has no resemblance between the signifier and the signified. The connection between them must be culturally learned. Numbers and alphabets are good examples. There's nothing inherent in the number 9 to indicate what it represents. It must be culturally learned

appropriation

the action of taking something for one's own use, typically without the owner's permission

influence

the capacity to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of someone or something, or the effect itself

institution

a long-lasting pattern of organization in a community

sound track

using either optical or magnetic recording technology, the dimension of the film that includes music, noise, dialogue, and any other aural effects.

image track

that portion of the cinematic medium that contains the picture, as opposed to the soundtrack.

dialogue

carries narrative, naturalizes the film world, interprets image, communicates emotion, define space

sound effects

naturalize the film world, create unseen objects or figures

music

flexible, versatile can do many things

context collapse

a situation, common to social networking sites, in which information created for a specific audience is shared with multiple audiences at the same time.

genre-resetting

appeals to multiple senses—sight, sound, and touch—versus digital/streaming services, which appeal to just one sense (while offering the delight of instant gratification)

significance of cassettes

allowed people to make recordings without having the level of training or expertise required for reel-to-reel

significance of mixtapes

to gain buzz around an artist or even an upcoming album release

choreology

study of dance steps

capoeira periods

the slavery period,
b) the underground period
c) the "academy" period