eye: glaucoma pt 1

what is the pathophysiology of glaucoma (2)

eye disorder characterized by increased intraocular pressure

hence damaging the delicate fibres of the optic nerve

what are the pharmacology of the drugs? (4)

prostaglandin analogue

beta adrenergic blocker

alpha-2 adrenergic agonist

carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

prostaglandin analogue: medication

latanoprost (0.005%)

what is the MOA for latanoprost? (2)

selective prostaglandin F receptor agonist that reduces the IOP by increasing the drainage of aqueous humor

primarily through the uveoscleral route and trabecular meshwork

latanoprost: common side effects (5)

eye redness

eye irritation

blurred eyesight

stinging

foreign body sensation in eye

latanoprost: unique side effects (2)

eyelash changes

permanently change pigmentation of iris to brown

latanoprost: storage condition ; unopened

store under refrigeration at 2 to 8 degrees

latanoprost: storage conditions ; opened

store up to 25 degrees for 4 weeks

beta adrenergic blocker: medication

timolol (0.5%)

timolol: special pointers (2)

cost effective

take a break instead of continuous use to prevent tolerance

what is the MOA of timolol? (2)

bind to beta receptor blocking the effect

reduced production of aqueous humor

timolol: common local side effects (2)

burning

tearing of eyes

timolol: common systemic side effects (3)

decreased heart rate

lowered blood pressure

lethargy

timolol: contraindication

asthma

COPD

heart failure

timolol: storage condition ; unopened

stored below 30 degrees

timolol: storage condition ; opened

store below 30 degrees for 4 weeks