ASD, CD, HI, VI

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)

a complex neurological and developmental disorder that affects how a person acts, communicates, learns, and interacts with others

ASD Characteristics

problems with communication and interactions with other people (social skills), restricted interests, repetitive behaviors

ASD Causes

genetics, environmental, unknown

ASD LRE

depends on functioning (verbal, independence, academics)

ASD Assessments

IQ test, achievement, DSM V, observationA

ASD Prevalence

11.6%

ASD Inclusion/UDL Strategies

sensory timeouts, note taking strategies, graphic organizers, one-on-one paraprofessional, ABA (Applied Behavior Analysis)

ASD CEC Division

DADD

Communication Disorders (CD)

significant speech or language impairment/delay that adversely impacts communication and learning

CD Characteristics

expressive language or receptive language, stuttering, verbal language or nonverbal language

CD Causes

genetics, unknown, ASHA

CD LRE

Depends on type/severity, gen ed, resource room, separate school, work with SLP

CD Assessments

IQ test, achievement, SLP assessment

CD Prevalence

13.75%

CD Inclusion/UDL Strategies

communication devices like an IPad, assistive technology, books read aloud, speech to text conversion, SLP in classroom

CD CEC Division

DCD - Division for communication, language, and dead/hard of hearing

Hearing Impairments (HI)

significant hearing impairment/loss that adversely impacts learning

HI Characteristics

can’t hear, speech delays, articulation disorders, difficulty with reading and writing, age of onset = major differences (congenital vs. acquired)

HI Causes

genetics, childhood disease (high fever), maternal disease

HI LRE

gen ed, resource room

HI Assessments

IQ test, achievement test, hearing test

HI Prevalence

0.74%

HI Inclusion/UDL Strategies

closed captioning, ASL, hearing aids, amplified classroom

HI CEC Division

DCD

Visual Impairment (VI)

significant visual impairment/loss that adversely impacts learning

VI Characteristics

blind or nearly blind, wears glasses, age of onset = major differences

VI Causes

genetics, childhood disease, injury

VI LRE

gen ed, resource room, special school

VI Assessments

IQ test, achievement test, vision test

VI Prevalence

0.34%

VI Inclusion/UDL Strategies

O&M (orientation and mobility), large print, read text aloud, one-on-one devices

VI CEC Division

DVIBD - Division on visual impairments ad deafblindness