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Who was the Prime Minister of Cambodia who was supported by the united states
Lon Nol
Which US universities held the major student protests against the Vietnam War
-Princeton
-Harvard
-MIT
-Indiana
-Purdue
Which Student protest was the biggest and what happened
Kent State University in Ohio
-2000 students protesting
-May 4th 1970
-National Guard called
-They had live ammunition instead of rubber bullets and teargas
-Students ordered to disperse but they remained in place
-67 rounds of bullets fired in 13 seconds
What specifically triggered the Kent state protest
On April 30th of 1970, 30,000 american troops were called into Cambodia
What period of time was the anti-war movement particularly violent? What did people start doing
September 1969 - May 1970
People started to build bombs at home
What were the consequences of the Kent state protest
-Open fire in the car park
-4 died
-9 injured
-teargas on 1000 people
-1 paralysed
Dr Glen Frank (a professor) makes famous speech begging for peace
What happened to the ROTC building 2 days before the Kent state protest
A mob set the Reserve Officer building training Corps building on fire, this is a building found common place on university campuses
What was the My Lai Massacre?
In March of 1968 US troops massacred 200 people in a village in central Vietnam
-200 officers were charged with complicity
-In 1971, First Lieut. William L. Calley found guilty of premeditated murder towards 22 unarmed Vietnamese people.
-A Gallup poll (A nationwide telephone survey) of 522 adults was con ducted on Thursday and Friday by the Gallup Organiz tion, This concluded that 70% of Americans disproved of WIlliam Calley being charged with murder
-Richard Nixon pardoned his sentence
Who was William Calley
-In 1971, First Lieut. William L. Calley found guilty of premeditated murder towards 22 unarmed Vietnamese people.
-A Gallup poll (A nationwide telephone survey) of 522 adults was conducted on Thursday and Friday by the Gallup Organiz tion,
-This concluded that 70% of Americans disproved of William Calley being charged with murder
-Richard Nixon pardoned his sentence
What was happening in the photo that won the Pulitzer prize
A photojournalism student's photograph of a teen girl crying in anguish over a victim's dead body would win the Pulitzer Prize and become a symbol of the antiwar movement.
It was taken at the Kent state univeristity protest
What did the New York Times expose from the Pentagon papers in 1971
Defense department employee Daniel Ellsberg revealed that the confrontation that the United States military had given to the Vietnamese military in the Gulf of Tolkin didn't happen at all and was entirely fabricated. From then on American citizens were left to believe that they were losing the war.
What happened in the secret bombing of Vietnam in 1969 ordered by Pres. Nixon,
Operation Menu was a covert United States Strategic Air Command (SAC) tactical bombing campaign conducted in eastern Cambodia from 18 March 1969 to 26 May 1970 as part of both the Vietnam War and the Cambodian Civil War.
National security adviser and secretary of state under President Richard M. Nixon, Henry Kissinger directed the carpet bombing of large swaths of Cambodia that U.S. officials at the time claimed were sanctuaries for communist insurgents from South Vietnam as well as North Vietnamese soldiers.
Additionally, The purpose of Operation Menu was to demonstrate American resolve to Hanoi while also significantly reducing the flow of North Vietnamese troops and supplies into South Vietnam.
These strikes evolve into the top secret bombing campaign , which lasts for 14 months.
Between 1965 and 1975, the United States and its allies dropped more than 7.5 million tons of bombs on Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia—double the amount dropped on Europe and Asia during World War II.
It remains the largest aerial bombardment in human history.
Why was Operation Menu a secret
Operations were kept secret from the American public and the U.S. Congress because Cambodia was ostensibly neutral. To keep the secret, an intricate reporting system was established at the Pentagon to prevent disclosure of the bombing.
How was Operation Menu exposed
9th of may '69 New York Times William Beecher, anonymous leak from Nixon administration
Kissinger said "we will destroy whoever did this" - Karnow, Vietnam
Nixon and pulling troops out of Vietnam
Nixon pulled 115,000 troops out of Vietnam in his first year as President and 150,000 in 1970 and reduced (made invaluable) draft cards
What happened to the parents of William Schroeder after his murder
Received hate-mail, (paraphrasing) that their son deserved to die due to the fact that his involvement in the protest aligns him with communism
Context: (due to the "redscare", much of the left wing activity in The United States is blanket labelled "communist" in fear of the growing powers of the Soviet Union.
How many university students go on strike at the time following these events
4 million
How many campuses closed down following these events
448
How many states was the National Guard called back into due to protests and demonstrations
16
What happened at the Jackson State University shooting
Open fire on a dormitory
James Green and Philip Gibbs killed
12 wounded
Generally, did civilians march or was it just students
Yes they did
