MCB 450- Exam 2

Cancer mutations

cancer genomes contain a 100s→1000s of mutations

C→T transitions at CpG sites are the most prevalent

DNA Damage

damage can occur endogenous(from internal) or exogenous(external) agents.

endogenous-replication errors(mismatches caused by DNA polymerase), loss of nucleosides(depurination or depyrimidination alteration), chemical exposure(alkylating agents or lipid peroxidation alteration)

exogenous- UV light(pyrimidine dimers), Ionizing radiation(singe or double strand breaks)

Mutation types

Chromosomal- mutations that involve the entire chromosome or sections of it(aka segmental mutations)

• ex. Chronic myeloid leukemia, chr 9/22

Point- changes to one of a few base-pairs in DNA(substitution, deletion, insertion)

• most common type

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