module 3 - lower limb fasciae and bursae

- formed by loose connective tissue and fat

- contains superficial veins and cutaneous nerves

structure, extent, functions of superficial fascia

- made up of dense, inelastic connective tissue (contains collagen)

- separates subcutaneous tissue from underlying structures

- sends intermuscular septa from its deep surface to bone and creates 'compartments' for groups of muscles

structure, extent, functions of deep fascia

iliotibial band/tract

- produced by pull of gluteus maximus and tensor fasciae latae

- limits lateral displacement of proximal femur and steadies pelvis on thigh

- stabilises knee joint laterally during extension (during relaxed standing)

identify, extent, attachments, functions

pes anserinus

- region where semitendinosus, gracilis and sartorius (GST) joint to insert at medial knee

- acts as supporting structures of knee medially

identify, extent, attachments, functions

medial patellar retinaculum

- from medial portion of quadriceps tendon to medial tibial tuberosity

- stabilises patella, prevents lateral patellar displacement and tilt

identify, extent, attachments, functions

lateral patellar retinaculum

- from lateral portion of quadriceps tendon to lateral tibial tuberosity

- stabilises patella, prevents medial patellar tilt

identify, extent, attachments, functions

extensor (superior and inferior) retinaculum

maintains approximation of tendons to underlying bone

identify, function

flexor retinaculum

maintains approximation of tendons to underlying bone

identify, function

fibular (peroneal) retinaculum

maintains approximation of tendons to underlying bone

identify, function

trochanteric bursa

acts as a cushion to help reduce friction

identify, function

iliopsoas bursa

acts as a cushion to help reduce friction

identify, function

pes anserine bursa

reduces friction between moving parts of joints

identify, function

gastrocnemius bursa

reduces friction between moving parts of joints

identify, function

popliteal bursa

reduces friction between moving parts of joints

identify, function

suprapatellar bursa

reduces friction between moving parts of joints

identify, function

infrapatellar bursa

reduces friction between moving parts of joints

identify, function

prepatellar bursa

reduces friction between moving parts of joints

identify, function

retrocalcaneal bursa

reduces friction between Achilles tendon and calcaneus

identify, function

subcutaneous calcaneal bursa

reduces friction between Achilles tendon and skin

identify, function