Life & Career Skills Weeks 1–3 Review

Comprehensive practice flashcards covering developmental stages, Erikson's psychosocial theory, Super's career developmental theory, risk and protective factors, and self-concept concepts.

What is the main developmental focus during Infancy?

Development of trust through bonding with caregivers.

What key development occurs during Early Childhood?

Development of independence and refinement of motor and language skills.

What are the primary areas of focus in Middle Childhood?

Focus on skill mastery, logical thinking, and peer relationships.

How is Adolescence characterized in terms of key developmental stages?

A period of rapid growth, identity exploration, and puberty.

What are the key milestones during Early Adulthood?

Establishing intimate relationships and a career path.

What is the primary focus of Middle Adulthood?

Stable work and family relationships; focus on productivity.

What developmental changes occur in Late Adulthood?

Retirement, life reflection, and physical decline.

How does Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Theory define personality development?

It explains personality development across the lifespan, emphasizing how social relationships shape a person's sense of self through a central psychosocial conflict at each stage.

What is the psychosocial conflict during Infancy according to Erik Erikson?

Trust vs. Mistrust

What central psychosocial conflict occurs in Early Childhood according to Erik Erikson?

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt

Which psychosocial conflict corresponds to the Preschool period in Erikson's theory?

Initiative vs. Guilt

What is the psychosocial crisis during the School age stage in Erikson's theory?

Industry vs. Inferiority

What psychosocial conflict takes place during Adolescence according to Erikson?

Identity vs. Role Confusion

Which psychosocial stage occurs during Young adulthood in Erikson's theory?

Intimacy vs. Isolation

What psychosocial conflict is associated with Middle adulthood in Erik Erikson's model?

Generativity vs. Stagnation

What central psychosocial conflict occurs during Late adulthood in Erik Erikson's theory?

Integrity vs. Despair

What is Donald Super's Career Developmental Theory?

A lifelong career-development framework centered on the idea that people choose careers to express their evolving self-concept.

What age range corresponds to the Growth stage in Donald Super's theory, and what is its focus?

Birth–14; development of self-concept, attitudes, needs, and general ideas about the world of work.

What age range and activities define the Exploration stage in Donald Super's Career Developmental Theory?

Ages 15–24; trying out careers through classes, work, and hobbies; making tentative choices and developing skills.

What age range corresponds to Donald Super's Establishment stage, and what does it involve?

Ages 25–44; entering a career, building skills, and becoming stable through work experience.

What is the age range and primary focus of the Maintenance stage in Donald Super's theory?

Ages 45–64; continually adjusting and improving one's position or career.

What occurs during the Decline stage (65+) of Donald Super's Career Developmental Theory?

Reduced work output and preparation for retirement.

How do Erikson's and Super's theories differ in focus while remaining connected?

Erikson focuses on personal and psychosocial development, while Super focuses on career development. A person's identity, life experiences, and self-concept influence career choices and goals.

How are Protective Factors defined?

Positive conditions or influences that help people cope with challenges, build resilience, and support healthy development by acting as buffers against stress, adversity, and negative outcomes.

How are Risk Factors defined?

Factors or conditions that increase the likelihood of negative outcomes or difficulties.

What is physiological development?

The biological maturation of the body's organs, tissues, and regulatory systems over the lifespan, including structural growth and functional improvements like coordination, hormonal regulation, and nervous-system maturation.

How much sleep is identified as a protective factor for healthy physical development in early adulthood?

7–9 hours

What is the definition of psychosocial development?

The process in which psychological growth—such as thoughts, emotions, and identity—and social experiences—such as relationships and interactions—influence each other throughout life.

How are the four components of the SWOT Framework defined in terms of personal development?

Strengths: Internal protective factors; Weaknesses: Internal risks or vulnerabilities; Opportunities: External positive influences; Threats: External negative influences or risk factors.

What is Self-Concept?

The image or understanding we have of ourselves, including how we perceive our behaviors, abilities, and unique characteristics.

What are the three core aspects of Self-Concept?

Self-Image, Self-Worth, and Ideal Self.

How is Self-Image defined?

The view you have of yourself, internally and externally, which does not always have to match reality.

How is Self-Worth defined?

How much value you have in yourself; the internal sense that you are good enough and worthy of love and belonging.

What is the Ideal Self?

Who you wish you were—the qualities or characteristics you want to develop or possess.

What is the definition of Self-Efficacy?

Belief or judgment about one's own ability to perform tasks.

What is Self-Acceptance?

Ability to acknowledge and embrace all aspects of yourself, including strengths and weaknesses, without judgment.

What four identity reflection activities are suggested to help learners reflect on identity, strengths, values, and future goals?

Creating a Coat of Arms, Identity Exploration Journal, Timeline of Important Life Events, and Vision Board.