World war world 1 - Causes MAIN

Dug Out

Section of a trench where soldiers rested

Black Hand Gang

Group of Serbian assassins who killed Franz Ferdinand

Lloyd - George

British Prime Minister in WW1

Trench Foot

Condition in the trenches where feet would become gangrenous

Kaiser Wilhelm II

German leader in WW1

Marne

First major battle of WW1 when trench warfare developed

Race to the Sea

Term used to describe the building of trenches from the Swiss border to Belgium coast

Artillery

Attack by cannon prior to any trench assault

Mine

Weapon used to try and blow up the enemies trenches, first used at the opening of Paschendaele

Militarism

A policy of glorifying military power and keeping a standing army always prepared for war

Alliances

agreements between nations to aid and protect one another

Imperialism

A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.

Nationalism

A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country

Triple Entente

A military alliance between Great Britain, France, and Russia in the years preceding World War I.

Central Powers

Austria-Hungary, Germany, Ottoman Empire

Powder Keg

Balkan penninsula area was nicknamed this because so many conflicts broke out there

Trench Warfare

A form of warfare in which opposing armies fight each other from trenches dug in the battlefield.

Western Front of WWI

French vs. Germans and slow Trench Warfare

Eastern Front of WWI

- No trenches, it was basically warfare with tanks and guns

League of Nations

A world organization established in 1920 to promote international cooperation and peace. It was first proposed in 1918 by President Woodrow Wilson, although the United States never joined the League. Essentially powerless, it was officially dissolved in 1946.

Algeciras Conference

Part of the Morocco Crisis established the Germans should not be there (or the French)

Panther

German gun boat used in the second Moroccan crisis

Place in the Sun

Nickname for German ambition for colonies

Agadir crisis

Name of the second Moroccan Crisis when the Germans were forced to leave the French in charge

Congo

Where the German's were compensated with land following the 2nd Moroccan Crisis

Gavrillo Princip

Assassin of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Heir to the throne, assassinate in Sarajevo

Morocco

Country where France and Germany vied for control

Continents subject to rapid colonisation

Africa and Asia

Britain

Country with the largest empire

Dreadnought

New boat that was faster, stronger and had better weapons that all others

Naval race

Term used for the rapid development of the dreadnought

Serbia

Country in the Balkans that allied with Russia

Neutral

Term used to describe a country not allied anyone

Belgium

Neutral country where Germany invaded

Battle of Mons

First major battle in Belgium, where the BEF held up the Germans

Joffre

French general in WW1

What happened to Serbia after the second Balkan war

Doubled in size

Pan Slavism

Idea of all slavic peoples uniting

Pan Germanism

the idea or principle of a political unification of all Europeans speaking German or a Germanic language.

Balkans

Area of Southern Europe that broke away from the Ottoman empire

Belief about Russia in the Schlieffen plan

It would be slow to mobilise - take 6 weeks

Belief about France in the Schlieffen plan

They could be defeated in 6 weeks

Von Moltke

German Chief of General Staff; revised Schlieffen plan

Which countries competed in the naval race

Germany and Britain

Who won the naval race

Britain

Balkan League

Group of Balkan states who joined together to rival the Ottoman Empire, Greece, Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro

What happened to the Ottoman empire in the first Balkan War

Lost land to the Balkan League

Country Serbia wanted to unite with

Bosnia-Herzogovina

Area of land France wanted back

Alsace Lorraine

Plan 17

French plan to attack germany with max troops through Alsace-Lorraine

BEF

British Expeditionary Force

What Austria issued after the assassination

Ultimatum

Sir John French

Led the BEF

How many troops did Von Moltke pull from the French attack to stop the Russians

100,000

Duckboard

Used to keep out of the water in the trenches

Parapet

Top of the trench that people would fire over

Barbed wire

Designed to stop advancing soldiers

Sandbags

Used at the front and back of the trench they were used to absorb shell fragments and bullets

Zigzag

Pattern trenches were made in

Mud, Lice, Rats

Three problems in the trenches

Trenchfoot

Disease from feet being constantly wet in the trenches

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