Appropriate design
________ gives rise to proper function, and maintenance of homeostasis results in maximal efficiency of body functioning.
Thermoregulation
maintaining homeostasis regarding temperature
Ectotherm
organisms that obtain heat from their environment
endotherm
organisms that can also generate heat metabolically
torpor
period of inactivity aligned w/ variations in temperature
blubber
layer of fat that serves as an insulator
vasoconstriction
blood vessels in the skin constrict & get smaller
vasodilation
blood vessels in the skin expand & get bigger
concurrent exchange
exchange of heat between fluids flowing in opposite directions
epithelial tissue function
lines body structures & cavities forms protective, secretory, & absorptive coverings
connective tissue function
support
muscle tissue function
movement
nervous tissue
transmitting information
squamous epithelium
layer(s) of flattened cells
cuboidal epithelium
layer(s) of cubelike cells
columnar epithelium
layer(s) of tall, slender cells
loose connective tissue
fibroblasts and other cells surrounded by collagen & elastin fibers that form a glycoprotein matrix
fibrous connective tissue
long rows of fibroblasts surrounded by collagen & elastin fibers in parallel bundles w/ a dense extracellular matrix
cartilage
chondrocytes embedded in a pliable, solid matrix of collagen & chondroitin sulfate
bone tissue
osteocytes in a matrix of collagen & hardened w/ hydroxyapatite
adipose tissue
large, tightly packed adipocytes w/ little extracellular matrix
blood
leukocytes, erythrocytes, & platelets suspended in plasma matrix
skeletal muscle
bundles of long cylindrical, striated, contractile cells (muscle fibers)
smooth muscle
contractile cells w/ tapered ends
cardiac muscle
cylindrical, striated cells that have specialized end junctions
nervous tissue
comprised of neurons & accessory cellS