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Flaw / The argument is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that
Find what is wrong with the reasoning and ask why the premises do not guarantee the conclusion
Necessary Assumption / Which one of the following is an assumption the argument requires
Find something the argument NEEDS to be true and use the negation test if stuck
Sufficient Assumption / The conclusion follows logically if which one of the following is assumed
Find something that makes the argument 100 percent valid and fills the missing link
Strengthen / Which one of the following if true most strengthens the argument
Find information that makes the conclusion more likely to follow from the premises
Weaken / Which one of the following if true most weakens the argument
Find information that makes the conclusion less likely to follow from the premises
Most Strongly Supported / Which one of the following is most strongly supported by the information above
Treat the stimulus as true and find the answer with the strongest support even if it is not 100 percent proven
Must Be True / If all statements above are true which one must also be true
Treat the stimulus as true and find an answer that is 100 percent proven with no additional assumptions
Inference / Which one of the following can be properly inferred
Treat the stimulus as true and find what follows with little to no assumptions
Resolve Reconcile Explain / Which one of the following most helps resolve the apparent discrepancy
Find the two facts that seem to conflict and choose an answer that explains how both could be true
Main Conclusion / Which one most accurately expresses the main conclusion
Find what the author is ultimately trying to prove
Step 1: Read the question stem and identify it as a MC question
Step 2: Read stimulus
Step 3: Identify context, premises, conclusion
Step 4: Hunt for conclusion paraphrasing in answer choices. The correct answer will likely utilize referential phrasing.
Step 4 Fallback: Process of Elimination
Argument Part / Which one most accurately states the role played by the statement
Identify the conclusion and premises then determine the role of the quoted statement
Parallel Flaw / Which argument has reasoning most closely parallel to the flawed reasoning above
Identify the flaw and structure then find an answer with the same structure and same flaw
Parallel Reasoning / The reasoning above is most similar to which argument
Match the structure of the premises and conclusion while paying attention to conditional logic and strength of language
Point at Issue Disagree / The speakers disagree over whether
Find a statement where one speaker would say yes and the other would say no
PSA Find the Rule / Which principle if valid would most help justify the argument
Find a general rule that bridges the premises to the conclusion
Method of Reasoning / Which most accurately describes a technique of reasoning used
Describe how the author moves from the premises to the conclusio