Détente & the End of the Cold War
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48 Terms
Detente started in...
1967
Detente means...
Easing of tensions
Outer Space Treaty 1967
No nuclear weapons in space
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 1968
Superpowers promise not to supply nuclear technology to other countries.
SALT 1 (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks) 1972
Limited the production of nuclear missiles
The height of Detente was...
Helsinki Accords
Helsinki Accords Date
1975
First Agreement of Helsinki Accords
Recognition of existing European borders
Second Agreement of Helsinki Accords
Closer economical, cultural and scientific links between the superpowers
Third Agreement of Helsinki Accords
Respect of human rights
Apollo-Soyuz Mission 1975
Joint space mission between USA and USSR
SALT 2 (Second Strategic Arms Limitation Talks) 1979
Banned superpowers from launching new missile programs
SALT 2 was not ... (approved) by the US Senate
ratified
The USSR invaded ... to help with the civil war there (Brezhnev Doctrine)
Afghanistan
When did the USSR invade Afghanistan?
December 1979
How many Afghan civilians were killed in the invasion?
1 million
How many Afghans became refugees in the invasion?
Over 6 million
Who were the Mujahideen?
Muslim Afghan rebels fighting against the Soviet invaders.
Which country backed the Mujahideen?
USA
What was the name of the American program to help the Mujahideen in Afghanistan?
Operation Cyclone
Carter Doctrine Date
1980
Carter Doctrine Purpose
Warning that any attempt to gain control of the Persian Gulf would be met with military force from the US
Carter was succeeded by...
Ronald Reagan
Reagan called the Soviet Union an...
evil empire
Reagan was a...
hardline anti-communist
The US spent ... dollars a year on weapons in the 1980s
550 billion
Strategic Defense Initiative Purpose
Shoot down missiles while they're in space
Strategic Defense Initiative Nickname
Star Wars
True end of Detente
1983
Who was the next major leader of the USSR?
Mikhail Gorbachev
When did Gorbachev come into power?
March 1985
Gorbachev's attitude towards the West was...
extremely open
Reagan's attitude to the West changed from aggression to... with Gorbachev in power
Negotiation
Perestroika Meaning
Restructuring
Perestroika Purpose
Moving away from centralization of government
Glasnost Meaning
Openness
Glasnost Purpose
More human rights for the Soviet people
Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF) Date
1987
Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF) Purpose
Superpowers agreed to remove medium-range nuclear missiles from Europe
When did Soviet troops withdraw from Afghanistan?
February 1989
When did Gorbachev abandon the Brezhnev Doctrine?
1988
When did the Berlin Wall fall?
November 1989
When were free elections held in Poland?
June 1989
Which communist governments fell in December 1989?
Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Romania
When did the Baltic Republics demand independence?
Early 1990
When did Gorbachev resign?
25th December 1991
When was the USSR dissolved?
26th December 1991
Who became leader of Russia after the collapse of the USSR?
Boris Yeltsin