agriculture

India’s population engaged in agriculture

2/3rds

Primitive subsistence farming is

slash and burn agriculture

Slash and burn in North eastern states

jhumming

Slash and burn in Manipur

Pamlou

Slash and burn in Bastar, Chhattisgarh and Andaman Nicobar

Dipa

Slash and burn in Mexico and Central America

Milpa

Slash and burn in Venezuela

Conuco

Slash and burn in Brazil

Roca

Slash and burn in Central Africa

Masole

Slash and burn in Indonesia

Ladang

Slash and burn in Vietnam

Ray

Rice in Haryana and Punjab

commercial crop

Rice in Odisha

subsistence crop

Tea Plantations

Assam and north Bengal

Coffee plantation

Karnataka

Rabi crops

sown from october to december; harvested from april to june

Rabi crops

wheat, barley, peas, gram, mustard

Kharif crops

sown at onset of monsoon; harvested in september-october

Kharif crops

paddy, maize, jowar, bajra, moong, tur, cotton, jute, groundnut

Three crops of paddy grown in Assam, WB, Odisha

Aus, Aman, Boro

Rice

India is the second largest producer, kharif crop, high temperature > 25 C, high humidity, rainfall > 100 cm

Major rice growing areas

WB, UP , Punjab, Tamil Nadu

Wheat

cool growing season, bright sunshine at time of ripening, 50-75 cm rainfall

Major wheat growing areas

Ganga-Satluj plains and black soil region of Deccan; UP, Punjab, MP, Haryana, Bihar, Rajasthan

Third most important food crop

Jowar

Major Jowar producing states

Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh

Bajra

grows well on sandy soil and shallow black soil

Major Bajra producing states

Rajasthan, UP, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Haryana

Ragi

grows well on red, black, sandy, loamy and shallow black soils

Major Ragi producing states

Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jharkhand, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh

Maize

kharif crop, 21 to 27 C, old alluvial soil

Major maize producing states

Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, UP, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana

Pulses

India is the largest producer and consumer

Major pulse producing states

MP, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, UP, Karnataka

Sugarcane

tropical+subtropical, hot and humid climate, 21 to 27 C, rainfall 75-100 cm, India is second largest producer (after Brazil)

Major sugarcane producing states

UP, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Bihar, Punjab, Haryana

Groundnut

India is the second largest producer (after china), kharif, Gujarat largest producer (followed by Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu)

Rapeseed

India is the third largest producer (after Canada and China)

Oil seeds

grown over 12% of cropped area in India

Linseed and mustard

rabi crops

Sesamum

kharif crop in north, rabi crop in south

Tea

india is the second-largest producer after china

Major tea producing states

Assam, Darjeeling, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Kerala

Arabica coffee

brought from Yemen to Baba Budan hills

Horticulture crops

india is second largest producer after china

Rearing of silk worms for production of silk

sericulture

Rubber

equatorial crop, moist and humid climate, >200 cm rainfall, >25 C

Major rubber producing states

Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andaman and Nicobar

Cotton

india is second largest producer after China, black cotton soil of deccan plateau, high temperature, light rainfall, 210 frost free days, kharif crop

Major cotton producing states

Maharashtra, Gujarat, MP, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Punjab, Haryana, UP

Jute

golden fibre - WB, Bihar, Assam, Odisha, Meghalaya

Percent of population in India dependent on agriculture for livelihood

> 60%

Main focus of first five year plan

land reform

White revolution

Operation flood

KCC

Kisan Credit Card

PAIS

Personal Accident Insurance Scheme

Mahatma Gandhi’s spiritual heir

Vinoba Bhave

Bhoodan Gramdan movement

blood less revolution

Largest producing state of Rice

West Bengal

Largest producing state of Wheat

Uttar Pradesh

Largest producing state of Maize

Karnataka

Largest producing state of Sugarcane

Uttar Pradesh

Largest producing state of Groundnut

Gujarat

Largest producing state of Tea

Assam

Largest producing state of Coffee

Karnataka

Largest producing state of Rubber

Kerala

Largest producing state of Cotton

Gujarat

Largest producing state of Jute

West Bengal