NUR 345 Public Health Nursing Exam 1 Study Guide

Flashcards containing key terms and definitions from the NUR 345 Public Health Nursing Exam 1 Outline.

Population Health

A key concept in public health nursing focusing on the health outcomes of a group of individuals, including the distribution of such outcomes within the group.

Population Health Management

The process and strategy of improving health outcomes for a defined population through coordinated interventions, resource allocation, and care management.

Health Disparity

A particular type of health difference that is closely linked with social, economic, and/or environmental disadvantage.

Upstream Thinking

An approach in public health nursing that focuses on modifying economic, political, and environmental factors to prevent health problems before they occur.

Social Determinants of Health (SDOH)

The conditions in the environments where people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age that affect a wide range of health, functioning, and quality-of-life outcomes and risks across 5 domains.

Core Functions of Public Health

The three foundational duties of public health: Assessment, Policy Development, and Assurance.

Primary Prevention

Interventions that promote health and protect against health threats before they occur to prevent illness or injury.

Secondary Prevention

Interventions that emphasize early detection and prompt intervention to arrest the disease process and prevent further disability.

Tertiary Prevention

Interventions that attempt to limit disability and promote rehabilitation from existing disease or injury.

Public Health Nursing Process (ADPIE)

A systematic approach to community health nursing practice consisting of Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation.

Formative Evaluation

An evaluation conducted during the development or implementation of a health program to assess process and allow for ongoing program improvement.

Summative Evaluation

An evaluation conducted at the completion of a health program to measure its outcome, impact, and overall effectiveness.

Clinical Judgment Measurement Model (CJMM)

A framework used in nursing education and practice to assess clinical judgment capabilities through steps such as recognizing cues and analyzing cues.

Health Literacy Assessment Tools

Tools used to evaluate a patient's health literacy skills, including SMOG, NVS (Newest Vital Sign), REALM-SF, and Flesch-Kincaid.

Universal Precautions Approach to Health Literacy

A communication strategy where healthcare providers structure delivery as if everyone may have difficulty understanding health information.

Health at Every Size (HEAS)

An evidence-based health promotion approach that supports people of all sizes in adopting healthy lifestyle habits without focusing on body weight or weight loss.

Implicit Bias in Healthcare

Unconscious attitudes, stereotypes, or associations that affect a healthcare provider's understanding, actions, and decisions regarding patients.

Vulnerability Cycle

A self-perpetuating cycle in which disadvantaged populations experience cumulative risks, leading to poorer health outcomes and further vulnerability.

Safe Syringe Programs (SSPs)

Harm reduction programs that provide sterile syringes, disposal, and wrap-around services to prevent disease transmission among people who inject drugs.

START Triage System

Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment system used in mass casualty events to quickly classify adult victims based on basic assessment criteria.

Mass Casualty Incident

An emergency event that overwhelms local healthcare resources due to the large number of casualties produced.

National Incident Management System (NIMS)

A standardized, nationwide approach to incident management that enables federal, state, tribal, and local governments to work together seamlessly.

HAZMAT Zones

Designated hazard zones (such as Hot, Warm, and Cold) utilized during hazardous material incidents to manage contamination and responder safety.

Three Delays Model

A U.N. framework describing delays in maternal and emergency healthcare: delay in seeking care, delay in reaching care, and delay in receiving quality care.

Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY)

A measure of overall disease burden, expressed as the number of years lost due to ill-health, disability, or early death.

Domains of Health Education

The three learning domains targeted in health instruction: cognitive (knowledge), affective (attitudes/values), and psychomotor (motor skills/actions).

Leading Cause of Death Post-Incarceration

Drug overdose, particularly involving opioids, due to decreased physiological drug tolerance following a period of detention.

Phases of Disaster Management

The four main stages of the disaster cycle: Prevention/Mitigation, Preparedness, Response, and Recovery.

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Prevention

Installing battery-backed detectors, avoiding indoor fuel-burning equipment usage, and ensuring proper ventilation of heating units.

Immediate Action for Nerve Agent Exposure

Rapid evacuation from the source, immediate removal of contaminated clothing, and prompt skin decontamination before antidote administration.

Open vs. Closed Mass Casualty Incident

An open incident has ongoing uncontained hazards and potential additional victims, whereas a closed incident has a contained hazard and a fixed casualty count.

Opioid Overdose Clinical Indicators

Unresponsiveness, severe respiratory depression or apnea, pinpoint pupils, cyanosis, and gurgling or snoring sounds.

Newest Vital Sign (NVS)

A health literacy tool assessing both reading comprehension and quantitative numeracy skills through a standardized ice cream nutrition label exercise.

Global Burden of Disease Categories

The three primary classifications of global health burden: non-communicable diseases, communicable/maternal/neonatal/nutritional conditions, and injuries.

Triage vs. Treatment vs. Transportation Roles

Triage categorizes victims by urgency; treatment provides stabilization and initial life support; transportation manages patient evacuation to designated facilities.