World War 1

Mr. Bolin US History

Franz Ferdinand

Archduke of Austria whose assassination in 1914 triggered World War I, leading to a series of geopolitical conflicts across Europe.

George Clemenceau

The empire in which Archduke Franz Ferdinand was heir, involved in complex alliances that contributed to the outbreak of World War I.

King George

United Kingdom, he reigned during World War I and played a role in maintaining support for the Allies.

David Lloyd George

British Prime Minister during World War I, he was a key figure in the negotiations that ended the war and helped shape the post-war settlement.

Warren G. Harding

29th President of the United States, he served during the post-World War I era and promoted a return to normalcy.

Czar Nicholas II

Last Emperor of Russia, his reign ended during World War I with the Russian Revolution

A. Mitchell Palmer

U.S. Attorney General known for his role in the Red Scare, overseeing the Palmer Raids

John J. Pershing

Commanding General of the American Expeditionary Forces during World War I, he played a key role in leading U.S. troops in battles against German forces.

Red Baron

Famous German fighter pilot, Manfred von Richthofen, known for his aerial victories in World War I.

Kaiser Wilhelm

the last German Emperor and King of Prussia, ruling from 1888 until his abdication in 1918 following Germany's defeat in World War I.

Woodrow Wilson

28th President of the United States, he led the country through World War I and advocated for the League of Nations.

What countries were a part of WWI?

The major countries included the Allies: France, Britain, Russia, Italy, and the United States, and the Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire.

Assassination of Franz Ferdinand

The event in June 1914 that triggered World War I, when Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria was killed by a Serbian nationalist, leading to a chain of events that escalated into the war.

Battle of the Marne

A significant battle fought in September 1914, where Allied forces halted the German advance into France, marking the beginning of trench warfare on the Western Front.

Sinking of the Lusitania

A British ocean liner sunk by a German U-boat in May 1915, resulting in the deaths of 1,198 passengers, which stirred anti-German sentiments and influenced the U.S. decision to enter the war.

Zimmerman Note

A secret diplomatic communication sent by Germany to Mexico in January 1917, proposing a military alliance against the United States, which was intercepted and decoded by British intelligence, heightening tensions.

Russian Revolution

The series of events in 1917 that led to the collapse of the Russian Empire and the rise of the Soviet Union, marked by the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II and the Bolshevik takeover.

MAIN causes of WWI

Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism

Women’s role in WWI

Women took on various roles, including working in munitions factories, serving as nurses, and joining volunteer organizations, significantly contributing to the war effort.

New Technology of WWI

advancements such as tanks, machine guns, poison gas, and aircraft that changed the nature of warfare during World War I.

Allies

The coalition of countries, including Britain, France, Russia, and later the United States

Armistice

An agreement to stop fighting, marking the end of combat in World War I, specifically signed on November 11, 1918.

Big Four

The leaders of the four major Allied powers during World War I: the United States, Britain, France, and Italy, who played a key role in negotiating the Treaty of Versailles.

Black Hand

A secret nationalist organization based in Serbia, responsible for the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, which contributed to the outbreak of World War I.

Central Powers

The coalition of countries including Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria that fought against the Allies in World War I.

Committee on Public Information

A government agency created in 1917 to promote the war effort through propaganda and mobilize public support for World War I.

Dogfights

Aerial combat between fighter planes during World War I, characterized by maneuvers and tactics aimed at outmaneuvering the opponent.

Espionage Act

A law enacted in 1917 that imposed strict penalties for spying, sabotage, and obstruction of the war effort during World War I.

Fourteen Points

A series of proposals by President Woodrow Wilson aimed at establishing a just and lasting peace after World War I, including principles such as open diplomacy, free trade, and self-determination for nations.

Great Migration

The movement of over six million African Americans from the rural Southern United States to urban areas in the North and West between 1916 and 1970, seeking better economic opportunities and escaping racial segregation.

Hello Girls

Telephone operators who served in the U.S. Army during World War I, providing crucial communication support and facilitating military operations.

League of Nations

An international organization established after World War I to promote peace and cooperation among countries, aimed at preventing future conflicts.

Liberty Bonds

Government-issued bonds to finance World War I efforts, encouraging citizens to lend money to the war through purchases.

Propaganda

Information, often biased or misleading, used to promote a political cause or point of view during World War I, aimed at influencing public opinion and recruiting support for the war effort.

Reparations

Financial payments required from a defeated country to compensate for damages caused during war, particularly imposed on Germany after World War I.

Schlieffen Plan

A German military strategy developed to quickly defeat France by invading through Belgium, then turning to fight Russia during World War I.

Sedition Act

A law enacted in the United States during World War I that made it a crime to speak or write critically about the government or the war effort.

Selective Service Act

A law passed in 1917 that authorized the federal government to draft young men into military service during World War I.

Stalemate

A situation in World War I where neither side could gain a decisive advantage, leading to prolonged trench warfare and limited territorial changes.

Treaty of Versailles

The peace treaty that brought World War I to an end in 1919, imposing heavy reparations and territorial losses on Germany.

Trench Warfare

A form of combat in World War I characterized by soldiers fighting from deep ditches, leading to a static front and high casualties.

Triple Alliance

A military alliance formed in 1882 between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy, aimed at countering the influence of France and Russia in Europe.

Triple Entente

A military alliance formed in 1907 between France, Russia, and Great Britain, designed to counterbalance the Triple Alliance and ensure mutual support in the event of war.

Uncle Sam

A personification of the United States government, often depicted as a stern elderly man with a white beard, notable for recruiting soldiers during World War I. “I want you for US Army“

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare

A naval warfare tactic allowing submarines to sink vessels without warning, used primarily by Germany during World War I.

War Industries Board

A government agency established during World War I to oversee the production and allocation of war materials, ensuring that military needs were met efficiently.