bio 101

Pure Substance

A material represented by symbols, such as O for Oxygen.

Molecule

Multiple of the same type of element bonded together, for example, O2 (2 Oxygens).

Compound

Different types of elements bonded together, such as H2O (Water) and CO2 (Carbon Dioxide).

pH

A measure indicating whether a substance is acidic or basic.

Neutral pH

A pH level of 7, indicating neither acidic nor basic.

Macronutrients

Components of food used by the body for energy and maintaining structure.

Lipids

Fats, such as oils, animal fat, and nuts, that store glucose.

Carbohydrates

Substances such as bread and sugars that provide the most energy.

Proteins

Nutrients from meat and legumes used for recovery.

Diffusion

The movement of an element from higher to lower concentration.

Stem Cells

Basic cells that can differentiate into various types of cells.

Pathogens

Microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi that can cause diseases.

Strabismus

A disorder where the eyes do not look in the same direction at the same time.

Nystagmus

Involuntary eye movements.

Astigmatism

Defective curvature of the cornea or lens, leading to blurred vision.

Myopia

Nearsightedness; can see close objects but not far ones.

Hyperopia

Farsightedness; can see distant objects but not close ones.

Cataract

A cloudy lens of the eye that can impair vision and may require surgery.

Glaucoma

Increased intraocular pressure that can damage the retina and optic nerve.

Macular Degeneration

Progressive damage to the retina leading to central vision loss.

CVA

Cerebrovascular accident, including thrombotic and hemorrhagic stroke types.

Cerebrum

The largest section of the brain, responsible for sensory processing and motor function.

Acoustic Neuroma

A benign tumor arising from the vestibulocochlear nerve, causing hearing issues.

Tinnitus

A sensation of ringing or buzzing in the ears.

Otitis Media

Inflammation of the middle ear, often due to infection.

Vestibular System

Part of the inner ear that helps maintain balance and coordinates head movements.