Ch. 10 Review

What type of tissue is blood classified as?

Connective tissue.

What are the two main components of blood?

Formed elements and non-living matrix (plasma).

What do erythrocytes transport?

Oxygen.

What is the normal pH range of blood?

7.35 to 7.45.

What is the primary function of hemoglobin?

To bind oxygen.

What are leukocytes responsible for?

Defending the body against disease.

What is hematocrit?

The percentage of blood volume that is made up of erythrocytes.

What is the function of albumin in blood plasma?

Regulates osmotic pressure.

What condition is characterized by a deficiency in red blood cells or hemoglobin?

Anemia.

What triggers the production of erythropoietin?

Reduced oxygen levels in the blood.

What occurs during hemostasis?

The steps taken to stop bleeding, including vascular spasms, platelet plug formation, and coagulation.

What is a thrombus?

A clot formed in an unbroken blood vessel.

What type of blood transfusion is most commonly used?

Red blood cell content only (not whole blood).

How do antibodies in the blood react to foreign antigens?

They recognize and neutralize structures deemed foreign.

What is thrombocytopenia?

A bleeding disorder characterized by a deficiency of platelets.

What antibody class can be inherited from parents?

A and B antibodies.

What does the Rh factor indicate in blood typing?

The presence or absence of Rh antigens on red blood cells.

What is the role of platelets in the blood?

To help form clots to stop bleeding.

What is the average blood volume in a healthy adult human?

5 to 6 liters.

What is the process of blood cell formation called?

Hematopoiesis.

What is the purpose of blood typing?

To determine which blood type a person has in order to avoid transfusion reactions.

What can occur during a transfusion if a patient receives mismatched blood?

The recipient's immune system may attack the donor's RBCs.