Chemistry of Life Part 1

between a metal and a nonmetal; includes a transfer of electrons; mea=tal looses electrons and nonmetal gains them

ionic bonds

between 2 non metals; electrons shared

covalent bond

weak bond between positively charged hydrogen atom and a negatively charged atom

hydrogen bonds

contains nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

protien

controls the rate of chemical reactions in the cell (enzyme), regulates cell processes, from cellular structure, transports substances, and fights diseses

protien

what is the monomer for protiens

amino acids

made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (1:2:1)

carbohydrates

structures support for plants

carbohydrates

what are examples of carbohydrates

simple sugars

• glucose - blood sugar

• fructose - sugar in fruits

• sucrose - table sugar

used to store energy; part of the biological membrane; not soluble in water

lipids

what are lipids monomers

fatty acids and glycerol

made up of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phospherous

nucleic acids

what is the monomer for nucleic acids

nucleotide

what do valence electrons determine

how an atom bonds

how many valence electrons are considered a full shell

8