Lesson 2 Summary: Electric Current and Simple Circuits

Electric Current

The movement of electrically charged particles (electrons) in a circuit.

Electric Circuit

A closed path that allows electric current to flow.

Battery

Stores chemical potential energy and converts it into electrical energy as electrons flow through a circuit.

Coulomb

Unit used to count the number of electrons

Current

Measure of the flow of charge in a circuit, measured in Amperes (A).

Resistance

Measure of how difficult it is for electrons to flow through a material, measured in Ohms.

Voltage

Amount of energy used to move electrons through a circuit, measured in Volts (V).

Conductor

Material with low resistance that allows electricity to flow easily.

Ohm's Law

Describes the relationship between current, voltage, and resistance in a circuit.

Direct Proportion

Relationship where an increase in voltage leads to an increase in current.

Inverse Proportion

Relationship where an increase in resistance leads to a decrease in current.