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self-awareness
it empowers you to make personal improvements by building on your areas of strength and ascertaining aspects where you would like to make progress
self-concept
refers to your awareness of yourself
ideal self
is the self that you aspire to be and is an idealized image that we have developed over time
actual self
is the one that you actually see and is built on self-knowledge
adolescere
latin term which means ‘grow’
adolescence stage
stage of extreme transformation and growth
g. stanley hall
father of adolescence
adolescence
is characterized by teenager’s conflict with parents, mood disruptions and engagement in risky behavior
physiological development
adolescents grow to reach their adult height and their bodies begin to resemble adult bodies in size, shape and body composition
cognitive development
adolescents are beginning to think from concrete to abstract terms and able to conceptualize theoretical ideas
psychological development
changes in the emotions, feelings, moods and manner of thinking of persons are part of this development
social development
during the middle adolescence stage, adolescents’ clamor for independence is evident
spiritual development
adolescents start pondering on questions concerning existence, essence, spirituality, religion and god
thoughts
the ideas or arrangements of ideas that results from thinking, the act or process of producing thoughts
feelings
a state of consciousness, such as that resulting from emotions, sentiments or desires
behavior
the range of actions and mannerisms made by individuals, organisms, systems or artificial entities in conjunction with themselves or their environment
johari window
a simple and useful tool for understanding and training self-awareness, personal development, improving communications, interpersonal communications, group dynamics, team development, and intergroup relationships
joseph luft and harry ingham
developed the johari window model in the 1950’s
open area
what is known by the person about him/herself and is also known by others
blind area
what is unknown by the person about him/herself but which others know
hidden area
what the person knowns about him/herself that others do not know
unknown area
what is unknown by the person about him/herself and is also unknown by others
pre-natal
conception to birth ; age when hereditary endowments and sex are fixed and all body features both external and internal are developed
infancy
birth to 2 years ; foundation age when basic behavior are organized and many ontogenetic maturation skills are developed
early childhood
2 to 6 years old ; pre-gang age, exploratory and questioning, language and elementary reasoning are acquired and initialization of social skills are experienced
late childhood
6 to 12 years old ; gang and creativity age when self-help skills, social skills and play are developed
adolescence (developmental stage)
puberty to 18 years ; transition age from childhood to adulthood when sex maturation and rapid physical development occur resulting to changes in ways of feeling, thinking and acting
early adulthood
18 to 40 years old ; age of adjustment to new patterns of life and roles such as spouse, parent and bread winner
middle age
40 years to retirement ; transition age when adjustments to initial physical and mental decline are experienced
old age
retirement to death ; retirement age when increasingly rapid physical and mental decline are experienced
robert j havighurst
elaborated the developmental tasks theory in the most systematic and extensive manner
significant others (psychology)
is any individual who has pronounced importance in a person’s life or well-being
significant others (sociology)
is any person or persons with a strong influence on an individual’s self-concept
harry stack sullivan
a us psychiatrist who first used ‘significant others’ in his book the interpersonal theory of psychiatry
parents
one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child
siblings
they often grow up in the same household, and thus have a large amount of exposure to one another
teachers
a person who delivers an educational program, assesses student participation in an educational program, and/or administers or provides consistent and substantial leadership to an educational program
community leaders
a designation, often by secondary sources, for a person who is perceived to represent a community
friends
a person whom one knows and with whom one has a bond of mutual affection, typically exclusive of sexual or family relations
affirmation
is a carefully formatted statement that should be repeated to one self and written down frequently
stress
a medical term for a wide range of strong external stimuli, both physiological and psychological, which can cause a physiological response called the general adaptation syndrome
stressor
the term used to denote those which cause stress
physical stress
stress increase the level of adrenaline and corticosterone in the body, which in turn leads to an increased heart-rate, respiration, and blood-pressure and puts more physical stress on body organs
emotional stress
stressed individuals are prone to agitation, impatience, irritability and moodiness
cognitive stress
thoughts of stressed individuals are filled with worrying
behavioral stress
some stressed people lose appetite while others tend to overeat
fight or flight response
this kind of stress response involves the occurrence of physiological reactions when one is under stress or pressure
walter cannon
introduced the fight or flight response or the acute stress response
dr hans selye
invented the general adaptation syndrome
alarm phase
the theory concurs that the body naturally reacts to stress by activating its fight or flight response system
resistance stage
this response stage involves the secretion of hormones for long term protection
exhaustion stage
the stress has been lingering at this phase
dr herbert benson
invented the relaxation response
problem-focused approach
this strategy fundamentally involves focusing on the source of the stress
emotion-focused strategy
this approach encompasses concentrating on one’s feeling emotion brought about by stress instead of facing the actual source of stress
