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Depth Perception
The ability to accurately estimate the distance of objects and therefore perceive the world in 3D.
Biological Factors
Binocular depth cues, monocular depth cues
Binocular Depth Cue
Require the use of both eyes working together
Monocular Depth Cue
Require the use of only one eye
Convergence
When the brain detects distance from changes of tension between the eyeballs as the two eyes turn inwards, creating tension in the eye muscles.
Retinal Disparity
When the brain receives slightly different images from each retina, due to the pupils being set 6–7 cm apart. The brain uses the similarities and differences in each image to combine the two and form one image.
Accommodation
The automatic focusing of the lens in the eye to adjust to the distance of the object. The lens bulges for nearby objects and elongates for distant objects.
Linear Perspective
The apparent convergence of parallel lines as they recede into the distance.
Interposition
When one object partially obscures another object, the back object is seen further away than the front object.
Texture Gradient
The gradual diminishing of detail as surfaces recede into the distance, compared to surfaces that are closer with fine detail.
Relative Size
The tendencies to perceive an object that casts a larger image on the retina as closer, and to perceive an object that casts a smaller image on the retina as further away. The objects being perceived must be expected to be around the same size
Height in the visual field
The location of objects in our field of vision. The closer an object is to the horizon, the further away it is perceived to be.
