Chapter 3-A&P-updated

Anatomy

Refers to the structures of the body, such as the eyes and ears.

Physiology

Refers to the functions of the structures, such as sight and audition.

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Consists of the brain and spinal cord.

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Comprises 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves.

Cerebro Spinal Fluid

Fluid that circulates between the pia mater and arachnoid mater.

Brainstem

Part of the brain that manages cardio, respiratory, and vasometry functions.

Cerebellum

Responsible for coordination of muscle movements, maintaining muscle tone, and maintaining posture and equilibrium.

Cerebrum

The part of the brain responsible for cognitive functions, such as thinking and problem solving.

Broca's area

Region of the frontal lobe responsible for speech production.

Wernicke’s area

Region of the temporal lobe responsible for language comprehension.

Occipital lobe

Part of the brain that processes visual information.

Trigeminal nerve (V)

Cranial nerve responsible for facial sensation and jaw movements.

Auditory/Vestibular nerve (VIII)

Cranial nerve responsible for hearing and balance.

Deglutition

The act of swallowing.

Dysphagia

A swallowing disorder.

Articulatory system

Involved in manipulating sounds into speech.

Ossicles

Three small bones in the middle ear: malleus, incus, and stapes.

Longitudinal fissure

Separates the left and right hemispheres of the brain.

Corpus callosum

Connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain.

Cranial nerves

12 pairs of nerves that carry information between the brain and parts of the body.

Peripheral nerves

31 pairs of nerves that extend from the spinal cord to the body.

Cognitive function

Involves thinking, rationalization, and problem solving.