Key Events and Figures in Anti-Slavery Movement

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98 Terms

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Fugitive Slave Act

Laws allowing capture of runaway slaves in 1793, 1850.

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John C. Frémont

First Republican presidential candidate, known as 'the Pathfinder'.

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Dred Scott Case

Legal battle questioning citizenship and slavery rights.

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Roger Brooke Taney

Chief Justice who ruled against Dred Scott.

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Ostend Manifesto

1854 declaration urging U.S. acquisition of Cuba.

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Know Nothings

Nativist group opposing immigration and Catholic influence.

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Nebraska Territory Bill

1853 legislation organizing the Nebraska Territory.

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Federal Commissioner

Appointed official deciding fugitive slave cases.

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Anti-Slavery Movement

Coalition against slavery involving various political groups.

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Free Soil

Political movement opposing the expansion of slavery.

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Citizenship Question

Dred Scott case issue on Black citizenship rights.

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Property Rights

Taney's ruling equating enslaved people to property.

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Nativism

Political ideology favoring native-born citizens over immigrants.

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Temperance Reformers

Activists promoting the reduction of alcohol consumption.

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American Party

Political party formed by the Know Nothings.

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Compromise of 1850

Series of laws attempting to resolve slavery disputes.

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Cuban Enslaved People

Proposed to be freed and armed by the U.S.

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Whigs

Political party that dissolved into factions over slavery.

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Free Blacks

Individuals of African descent who were not enslaved.

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Partisan Opinion

Taney's biased ruling reflecting political views.

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Civil Rights

Rights protecting individuals' freedoms and liberties.

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Missouri Compromise

Established balance of free and slave states.

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Popular Sovereignty

Territorial residents decide on slavery status.

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Filibuster

Private armies seizing land for slavery.

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Benjamin Lay

Early anti-slavery activist and Quaker.

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John Woolman

Refined anti-slavery tactics, promoted education.

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Elizabeth Freeman

First enslaved person to sue for freedom.

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Gradual Emancipation Act

Freedom for those born after a certain date.

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Tallmadge Amendment

Proposed restrictions on slavery in Missouri.

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Anti-Slavery First Stage

Early voices from 1730s to 1760s.

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Anti-Slavery Second Stage

Northern and southern dimensions post-1770s.

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Maine and Missouri

Maine free state, Missouri slave state added.

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George Washington's Will

Freed slaves upon Martha's death.

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Thomas Jefferson's View

Slavery compared to holding a wolf.

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Quakers' Role

Religious group advocating for abolition.

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Vermont's Emancipation

Last northern state to abolish slavery.

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Scots-Irish Parades

Displayed bodies to shame Quakers over slavery.

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Anti-Slavery Pamphlets

Used to spread anti-slavery messages.

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Street Theatre

Dramatic performances to raise anti-slavery awareness.

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Hollowed Bible

Symbol of bleeding to protest slavery.

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Freedom's Value

Freeman's quote on the importance of freedom.

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Pennsylvania Slave Population

Less than 1% enslaved in 1790.

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Massachusetts Slave Status

Zero slaves recorded in 1790.

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Knell

Funeral bell symbolizing the end of something.

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Sanguine

Optimistic belief in a lasting union.

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Missouri Compromise

Legislation addressing slavery's expansion in 1820.

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Evangelicals

Group advocating for the reform of slavery.

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David Walker

Abolitionist who published a rebellious appeal.

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Printing Press

Medium used by Walker to spread ideas.

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Slave Rebellion

Encouragement for slaves to rise against oppression.

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Abolitionists

Individuals advocating for the end of slavery.

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William Lloyd Garrison

Radical white abolitionist and founder of The Liberator.

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Immediate Emancipation

Call for the instant freedom of all slaves.

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New England Anti-Slavery Society

Organization founded by Garrison for abolition efforts.

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American Anti-Slavery Society

National organization promoting the abolition of slavery.

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John Quincy Adams

Former president opposing the gag rule.

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Gag Rule

Prohibition of discussing slavery in Congress.

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Liberty Party

Political party focused on abolition, minimal electoral success.

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Second Party System

Political era with Democrats and Whigs as main parties.

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Regional Economy

Economic characteristics defining different U.S. regions.

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Second Bank of the United States

National bank established after the first expired.

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Tariffs

Taxes on imports affecting regional economies.

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Internal Improvements

Debate over federal vs. state funding for infrastructure.

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Erie Canal

Major transport link built by New York State.

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Public Land

Debate over land pricing and accessibility.

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Squatters

Farmers on public land seeking property rights.

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Rage Militaire

Desire for arms during wartime.

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Food Riots

Protests by citizens over food shortages.

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Women in War

Women disguised as men fought in the army.

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Paper Money

Currency that lost value during the war.

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Guerrilla Bands

Loyalist groups attacking patriots in New Jersey.

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Baltimore Riot of 1812

Violence against Federalist papers and leaders.

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Nantucket Blockade

British blockade devastated Nantucket's whaling industry.

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Draft Riots

Violent protests against military conscription in 1863.

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Anaconda Plan

Union strategy to blockade Southern ports.

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Richmond Bread Riots

Women protesting food shortages in Richmond.

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Wilmot Proviso

Proposal to ban slavery in Mexican territories.

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Free Soil Party

Political group opposing slavery in new territories.

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Black Codes

Laws restricting rights of freed slaves.

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Enforcement Acts

Laws to protect black voters from KKK.

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Amnesty Act of 1872

Restored voting rights to former Confederates.

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Panic of 1873

Economic depression following financial failures.

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Election of 1876

Controversial election with disputed results.

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Civil War Casualties

Over 620,000 soldiers died in the conflict.

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Union Park Rally

Troop recruitment event in NYC, April 1861.

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James Madison's Dinner

Symbolic embarrassment during the British invasion.

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Ulysses Grant's View

Condemned the Mexican-American War as wicked.

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Henry David Thoreau

Protested Mexican War by refusing to pay taxes.

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Riot against Federalists

Baltimore citizens attacked Federalist printing press.

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Civil War Enthusiasm

Initial belief in a quick resolution to conflict.

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Disguised Women Soldiers

Women fought in the army as men.

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Loyalist Attacks

New Jersey faced guerrilla warfare from loyalists.

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Post-War Reconstruction

Efforts to rebuild and reform the South.

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KKK's Intimidation

Used violence to suppress black voter turnout.

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Rutherford B. Hayes

Republican candidate in the disputed 1876 election.

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Samuel J. Tilden

Democratic candidate in the 1876 election.

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Civil War Divisions

North and South had conflicting war goals.

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Baltimore's 'Mob Town'

Nickname due to frequent riots and violence.