English 10H - rhetoric, literary terms, classical appeals

Ethos

refers to the credibility, trustworthiness, and expertise of the speaker or writer.

Logos

uses logic and reasoning to persuade an audience.

Pathos

an appeal to the emotions and feelings of the audience.

Alliteration

repetition of the first letter

Anaphora

repetition of the first phrase

Apostrophe

addressing something that can’t respond

Anastrophe

words are out of order

Irony

contradiction between what is expected and what actually occurs.

Metaphor

compares two unrelated things by stating that one thing is another thing, without using "like" or "as".

Simile (epic)

An epic simile, also known as a Homeric simile, is a detailed comparison used in epic poetry to describe a heroic event or character. It is an extended simile that often spans several lines and draws parallels between the heroic subject and a relatable or familiar object or event.

Repetition

deliberate repetition of words, phrases, sounds, or structures for emphasis or effect.

Diction

The way something is written

Imagery

use of descriptive language to create vivid mental images.

Syntax

the rules and structure governing the arrangement of words and phrases in a sentence or language.

Bandwagon

Bandwagon is a persuasive technique that appeals to the idea that everyone is doing or believing something, so you should too.

Expert opinion

Using the opinion of an expert.

Loaded words

using emotionally charged or biased language.

Misuse of statistics

Misusing true or untrue statistics

Name calling

Not using evidence to attack someone

Plain folks

appeal to the common people by presenting the speaker or message as relatable and down-to-earth.

Snob appeal

appealing to peoples’ desire for exclusivity and superiority. It often involves associating a product, service, or idea with luxury, prestige, or high social status.

Testimonial

using endorsements or recommendations from well-known individuals or satisfied customers.

Transfer

connecting positive or negative emotions, symbols, or ideas to a product, person, or cause to influence the audience's perception.